1. Adolescence to Adulthood

2. Inborn temperament traits often are described in opposites – Optimistic or pessimistic – Independent or dependent – Emotional or unemotional – Adventurous or cautious – Leader or follower – Aggressive or passive – Which are you?

3. Other characteristics appear to be learned, such as feeling either competent or inferior – these are based on the challenges and support we receive growing up. Influences External world – depression, wars, natural disasters (flood, tornado, fire, drought) Physical world – genetic gifts – appearance, intelligence, natural abilities Cultural influences – family roles, societal roles (ex. Southern “yes sir, ma’am), religious upbringing and norms

4. Erikson’s Stages of Development Stage 5 – Adolescence – 12 to 18 years – Establish emotional and psychological independence – Develop a personal sense of identity – Adopt a personal value system – Establish adult vocational goals – Develop control over your behavior Success leads to an ability to stay true to yourself – failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self

5. Stage 6 – Young Adulthood – 19 to 40 years – Intimacy vs. isolation – Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationships with others… success leads to strong relationships, failure results in loneliness and isolation. Stage 7 – Middle Adulthood – 40 to 65 years – Generativity vs. Stagnation – Adults needs to create or nurture things that will outlast them… success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment, failure results in shallow involvement in the world Stage 8 – Late Adulthood – 65 to death – Ego Integrity vs. Despair – Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment… success leads to feelings of wisdom, failure results in regret, bitterness and despair.

6. Marriage and Parenting In the US – 9 out of 10 people expect to marry in their lifetime. Close to half of first marriages end in divorce, but most individuals who marry begin with the intent of making a lifetime commitment. My advice to you is get married: if you find a good wife you'll be happy; if not, you'll become a philosopher. Socrates Socrates

7. Successful Marriages Good communication Emotional Maturity Similar values and interests Resolving conflicts – Spending and saving habits – Conflicting loyalties involving family and friends – Lack of communication – Lack of intimacy – Jealousy, infidelity, or lack of attention – Decisions about having children & child care – Abusive tendencies or attitudes

8. Teen Marriages 60% of marriages involving teens end in divorce with a high probability that the marriage will end in its first few years Why? – Newness wears off and responsibilities seem too difficult – Realization that the couple does not have enough life experiences to manage a household and make love last in tough times – Increased responsibilities interfere with personal freedoms and educational or career goals

9. Teen Parenting Cost of raising a child – Physical /Financial – Mental – Emotional – Social