3. EAST Pacific Ocean S.E. Thick Jungle SOUTH Mountains (Himalayan) WEST Desert Mountains (Himalayan) NORTH – Desert (Gobi Desert)

4. 1)Belief as center of world and civilization 2)Self reliance and innovation 3)Independent evolution of society and culture ART & WRITING PHILOSOPHY

5. CHINESE INNOVATIONS 1)Mechanical Clocks – 700s C.E. 2)Block Printing – 700s C.E. 3)Gunpowder – 800s C.E. 4)Smallpox Vaccine – 900s C.E. 5)Spinning Wheel – 1000 C.E. 6)Moveable Type – 1040 C.E. Chinese Development TO Europe 1300s C.E 1200s C.E. 1600s C.E. 1200s C.E. 1456 C.E.* *Gutenberg Bible

7. Dynastic Period: 1650 B.C.E. to 1912 C.E. (Ch’ing Dynasty)

8. SHANG & ZHOU DYNASTIES (1650 B.C.E) (1027 B.C.E) DYNASTY = One family in power SHANG FEATURES ZHOU FEATURES 1.“Ancestor worship” (veneration) 1. Language unification - 2.Ancestors control everyday life creation of common characters 3.Oracle bones consult ancestors 2. The Mandate of Heaven and predict future 3. Bad kings must be removed 4. Afterlife reunion with ancestors 4. Feudal social structure 5. Philosophy demands correct behavior and good govt. SIMILARITIES 1.Walled cities 2.Powerful leaders 3.One family rule

9. IDEAS OF GOVERNMENT 1. Mandate of Heaven - good rule gods endorse - poor rule gods withdraw support & favor - natural disasters were signs - Confucius is Zhou Dynasty 2. Yin & Yang -universe exists in balance -YIN: earth, darkness, female -YANG: heaven, light, male -people affect the balance! YIN YANG light dark

10. EARLY ACHIEVEMENTS: Shang & Zhou Dynasties 1. Astronomy: Calendar (365 ¼ days) 2. Writing: Pictographs/Ideograph (ideas vs. letters) - tens of thousands (today 10,000 characters) 3. Silk: 1,000 B.C.E. discovery - kept a secret - becomes key trade item - The Silk Road 4. Books: The I Ching, The Book of Songs