2. © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Brushup, 3E John Langan Other Punctuation Marks Chapter 11

3. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. End Marks A sentence always begins with a capital letter. It always –a period –a question mark, or –an exclamation point.

4. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Period (.) Use a period after a sentence that makes a statement. Sam is seven feet tall. Use a period after most abbreviations. Dr. ButcherM.D. Ms. MarpleA.M.

5. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Question Mark (?) Use a question mark after a direct question. “What color is that Martian?” Ed asked. Do not use a question mark after an indirect question. Sue asked how Ed’s therapy was going.

6. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Exclamation Point (!) Use an exclamation point after a word or sentence that expresses strong feeling. Wow! This liver is tasty!

7. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The colon is often a mark of introduction. Use the colon at the end of a COMPLETE statement to do the following:The colon is often a mark of introduction. Use the colon at the end of a COMPLETE statement to do the following: 1. Introduce a list which explains the complete statement. EXAMPLE: The music store sells a wide variety of items: compact discs, cassettes, and clothes. Colon (:)

8. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. Introduce a long quotation. EXAMPLE: The policy is stated on the door: All our merchandise is considered valuable. Those who enter this store are responsible for their behavior. This includes children, who must be supervised. If any customer damages any merchandise, he must pay for it. Colon (:)

9. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. SEMICOLON (;) semicolonThe semicolon is used to join two complete thoughts that are so closely connected that you want to write them as one sentence. Marty was not a cashier; he was a sales associate.

10. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. HYPHEN (-) There are two uses for the hyphen. 1. With two or more words that act as a single unit describing a noun. The one-of-a-kind Christmas wreaths were very expensive. 2. To divide a word at the end of a line of writing or typing. The salespersons attended training sessions to in- sure that even when customers are antagonistic, the staff responds politely.

11. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. PARENTHESIS ( ) Use parentheses to set off extra or incidental information from the rest of a sentence. In modern malls the food court (once a simple soda fountain) has become a meeting place for friends. êNOTE: êNOTE: Sometimes parentheses enclose letters or numbers that signal items in a series. êSPECIAL NOTE: êSPECIAL NOTE: DO NOT USE PARENTHESES TOO OFTEN. They can make you sound uncertain or hesitant.

12. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Punctuation Review Americans debate whether the citizens could accept a woman as president yet women have ruled numerous countries throughout history. Insert punctuation where necessary. (Click to see the answer.) Answer: Americans debate whether the citizens could accept a woman as, president, yet women have ruled numerous countries throughout history.

13. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. When Octavian later known as the Roman Emperor Augustus declared war against Cleopatra and Mark Anthony the queen insisted on taking part in the military campaign. Insert punctuation where necessary. Punctuation Review Answer: When Octavian Octavian ( later known as the Roman Emperor Augustus ) Augustus ) declared war against Cleopatra and Mark Anthony, Anthony, the queen insisted on taking part in the military campaign.

14. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Mark Anthony who was deceived by a false report of the death of Cleopatra could not face life without her and committed suicide. Insert punctuation where necessary. Punctuation Review Answer:- Personal preference -- either comma, parentheses, or even dashes. One good solution: Mark Anthony, Anthony, who was deceived by a false report of the death of Cleopatra, Cleopatra, could not face life without her and committed suicide. : Note: There is no comma before the “and” because there are not two complete sentences.

15. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Catherine the Great was not the first empress of Russia named Catherine she was the second of that name. Insert punctuation where necessary. Catherine the Great Answer: Catherine the Great was not the first empress of Russia named Catherine ; she was the second of that name. Punctuation Review

16. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Catherine the Great established new institutions in Russia the first Russian school for girls a medical college and health care for her subjects. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer : Catherine the Great established new institutions in Russia : the first Russian school for girls, a medical college, and health care for her subjects. Punctuation Review

17. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. People believe that Marie Antoinette said Let them eat cake. Insert punctuation where necessary. People believe that Marie Antoinette Answer : People believe that Marie Antoinette said, “ Let them eat cake. ” Punctuation Review

18. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ÇKerry replied When the Habsburg family reigned in Europe, one very successful ruler was a woman. What was her name? Kerry replied___ ___When the Habsburg family reigned in Europe, one very successful ruler was a woman. What was her name?___ Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer :, comma/ “open quote / ” closed quote Punctuation Review

19. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Kerry replied When the Habsburg family reigned in Europe, one very successful ruler was a woman. What was her name? Insert punctuation where necessary. Kerry replied, “ When the Habsburg Answer: Kerry replied, “ When the Habsburg family reigned in Europe, one very successful ruler was a woman. What was her name ?” Punctuation Review

20. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. I always get confused Bernie said about Mary Queen of Scots. Insert punctuation where necessary. “ I always get confused,” Bernie said, Answer: “ I always get confused,” Bernie said, “ about Mary Queen of Scots.” Punctuation Review

21. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ÉPocahontas was an influential character in American history our own princess. Pocahontas was an influential character in American history___ our own princess. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer : - dash Punctuation Review

22. Other Punctuation Marks English Brushup, 3E© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Pocahontas was an influential character in American history our own princess. Insert punctuation where necessary. Pocahontas was an Answer: Pocahontas was an influential character in American history – our own princess. Punctuation Review