1. Section 1 The Colon Pages 49-53 OST164 Text Editing Applications

2. The Colon ¶187 Use a colon between two independent clauses when the second clause explains or illustrates the first clause and there is no coordinating conjunction or transitional expression linking the two clauses. I have a special fondness for the Maine coast : it reminds me of the many happy summers we spent there before our children went off to college. I have two major hurdles to clear before I get my Ph.D. : I need to pass the oral exam and write a dissertation.

3. The Colon ¶188- ¶191 When a clause contains an anticipatory expression (such as the following, as follows, here is, thus, and these) and directs attention to a series of explanatory words, phrases, or clauses, use a colon between the clause and the series. These are some of the new features in this year’s modes: a fuel economy indicator, a new read suspension, and a three-year limited warranty. The following staff members have been selected to attend the national sales conference in Honolulu: Frances Berkowitz Thomas Gomez Some of the questions that this book answers are these: How can you ….?

4. When hours and minutes are expressed in figures, separate them with a colon, as in the expression 8:25 A colon is used to represent the word to in proportions, as in the ratio 2:1. In each case, NO space precedes or follows this colon. The Colon ¶192- ¶193

5. The Colon - ¶194 In business documents, use the colon for: Attention lineAttention : Subject lineSubject : Enclosure notationEnclosures : Enclosure notationUnder separate over : Carbon copy notationcc : “or” Copies to : PostscriptPS : Use the colon in memos after displayed guide words: TO : FROM : DATE : SUBJECT : Use the colon in business documents: SHIP TO : BILL TO : DISTRIBUTION :

6. The Colon – ¶ 195 Use a colon (followed by one space) to separate the title and the subtitle of a book. Be sure to read The New Financial Order : Risk in the Twenty-First Century. A colon may be used to separate volume number and page number in footnotes and similar references. (Leave no space before or after the colon.) Volume 8, pages 763-766 would be 8 : 763-766 A reference to chapter and verse in the Bible is handled the same way. Isaiah 55 : 10

7. The Colon ¶ 196- ¶ 197 Do NOT capitalize the first word after a colon if the material that follows cannot stand alone as a sentence. All cash advances must be countersigned by me, with one exception: when the amount is less than $50. (dependent clause after colon) Do NOT capitalize the first word of an independent clause after a colon if the clause explains, illustrates, or amplifies the thought expressed in the first part of the sentence. Essential and nonessential elements require altogether different punctuation : the latter should be set off by commas; the former, should not.

8. The Colon ¶ 198 Capitalize the first word of an independent clause after a colon if it requires special emphasis or is presented as a formal rule. Let me say this : If the company is to recover from its present difficulties…… Here is the key principle : Nonessential elements must be.…. Although index investing derives from the theory that the markets operate efficiently, its intellectual foundation is based on a simple truth : It is impossible for all stock investors…..

9. The Colon ¶ 199 (a-b-d) Also capitalize the first word after a colon under these circumstances: When the material following the colon consists of two or more sentences. There are several drawbacks to this proposal : First, it will tie up a good deal of capital for the next five years. Second, the likelihood of a significant…. The material following the colon is a quoted sentence. Frederick responded in this way : “We expect to win….” When the material preceding the colon is a short introductory word such as Note, Caution, or Remember. Note : All expense reports must be submitted no later…..