1. The Earth and Its Peoples 3 rd edition Chapter 1 Nature, Humanity, and History to 3500 B.C.E. Cover Slide Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

2. Chauvet Cave On December 18, 1994, this cave in southern France was discovered by Jean-Marie Chauvet, a French official. It contains the oldest and best preserved prehistoric cave paintings; more than three hundred paintings were found of animals that inhabited the Stone Age world, including panthers, cave bears, and mammoths. This black-painted panel in the Chauvet Cave shows horses, rhinoceroses, and wild oxen. (Jean Clottes/Ministere de la Culture) Chauvet Cave Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

3. Fossilized footprints Archaeologist Mary Leakey (shown at top of photo) found these remarkable footprints of a hominid adult and child at Laetoli, Tanzania. The pair had walked through fresh volcanic ash that solidified after being buried by a new volcanic eruption. Dated to 3.5 million years ago, the footprints are the oldest evidence of bipedalism yet found. (SPL/Photo Researchers, Inc.) Fossilized footprints Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

4. Neolithic goddess Many versions of a well-nourished pregnant female figure were found in the Neolithic ruins of Catal Huyuk, a large town in central Anatolia (modern Turkey). Here she is supported by twin leopards whose tails curve over her shoulders. To those who inhabited the city this figure likely represented fertility and power over nature. (C.M. Dixon) Neolithic goddess Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

5. Saharan rock art An unknown artist painted the dynamic scene of giraffes on a Saharan rock in what is now Libya in 5000 B.C.E. This was from a rainy era when hunters could view majestic herds of game. (Robert Estall Photography) Saharan rock art Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

6. Map: Centers of Plant and Animal Domestication Centers of Plant and Animal Domestication Many different parts of the world made original contributions to domestication during the agricultural revolutions that began about 10,000 years ago. Later interactions helped spread these domesticated animals and plants to new locations. In lands less suitable for crop cultivation, pastoralism and hunting predominated. (Copyright (c) Houghton Mifflin Company. All Rights Reserved.) Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.