1. WORLD WAR 1

2. CAUSES OF WWI
MILITARISM
ALLIANCES
IMPERIALISM
NATIONALISM

3. #1 MILITARISM

4. MILITARISM *WAR IS GLORIOUS *RACE TO BUILD BIGGER AND BETTER WEAPONS

5. #2 ALLIANCES

6. ALLIANCES
PROMISES MADE TO BACK EACH OTHER UP
“TEAMS” ARE FORMED

7. #3 IMPERIALISM

8. NEED FOR LAND, COLONIES, NEW MARKETS AND RESOURCES
IMPERIALISM
NEED FOR LAND, COLONIES, NEW MARKETS AND RESOURCES

9. NATIONALISM
LOVE OF COUNTRY WANTING THEIR COUNTRY TO BE THE BEST, STRONGEST, RICHEST, MOST POWERFUL!

10. NATIONALISM Nationalism means an “excessive love of your country”.
Excessive or fanatical devotion to a nation and its interests, often associated with a belief that one country is superior to all others

11. NATIONALISM vs. PATRIOTISM
Excessive patriotism in one’s country. Nationalists believe that their interests, cultural and social values, or religion is superior to all others on the planet. Patriotism - Pride in one’s country and pride in the accomplishments or achievements of one’s country.

12. THE STORY BEGINS IN EUROPE…1914
Europe has had 100 Years of Peace…

13. BUT NOW EUROPE IS TENSE…. THE WEAPONS ARE READY. THE TEAMS ARE PICKED
BUT NOW EUROPE IS TENSE… *THE WEAPONS ARE READY *THE TEAMS ARE PICKED *THE FEELINGS ARE STRONG ALL THAT IS NEEDED IS FOR THE FIRST “SNOWBALL” TO BE THROWN…

14. The first “snowball” is thrown in the summer of 1914
Austrian archduke Franz Ferdinand is killed by a Serbian terrorist.

15. ARCHDUKE FERDINAND OF AUSTRIA-HUNGARY IS ASSASSINATED
WAR BEGINS!

16. EVENTS UNFOLD What happened after the archduke was shot?
Austria-Hungary sent an ultimatum to Serbia- with explicit directions of what they needed to do to avoid war.
Serbia complied with most, but not all demands.
Austria-Hungary had the excuse they needed to start war - and they did!
June 28 - Assassination
July 28- Declaration of war-1 month to the day.)
 Who started the war?

17. WHO STARTED THE WAR? YOU DECIDE…
This might have just been a short summer war….however, it is said that Austria would have never gone to war without the knowledge that Germany was behind her. When giving advice - Germany did not issue restraint on Austria's part but rather gave them a "blank check."

18. WHO STARTED THE WAR (Cont.)
Russia urged control on Austria's side, but when it looked as if a war was going to start …Russia started mobilizing its troops
Germany saw this and declared war on Russia.
France gave a "blank check" to Russia
Germany warned then not to, they did not listen. Germany declared war on France
 By August the lines were drawn… and the first world war had begun.

19. Who Started the War?
What do you think?

20. SYSTEM OF ALLIANCES
Germany knew that France wanted revenge - so it signed an alliance with Austria-Hungary. In 1882 they formed a triple alliance with Italy, which became known as the Central Powers.
GERMANY, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, ITALY
In 1904, France and England signed a treaty, and later England (Britain) signed one with Russia. When war began these powers became known as the Allied Powers.
FRANCE, ENGLAND, RUSSIA

21. FIGHTING STARTS
It is interesting that years earlier a German general had made a plan of attack on France…just in case. (He realized he had Russia on the right and France on the left.)So, they quickly executed (carried out) the plan which required Germany to march over and through Belgium and take over France.
Britain and Belgium had an agreement that Britain would protect Belgium in case of an attack.
Britain became enraged and declared war on Germany.

22. Germany’s attack on Belgium (neutral country) lead Great Britain into the war.

23. Red- Central Green- Allied

24. RESULTS OF THE INVASION OF BELGIUM
One out of four did not return and of those that did many were maimed and injured.
The German plan did not work as well as they thought.
Russia mobilized quicker than expected
Britain joined in to help.
The Battle or Marne- pushed Germany back and then they settled in their trenches. Battle lines in France remained almost the same for four years

25. How Did WWI Differ from previous wars? (Q1)
Germans started by digging trenches.
Poison Gas-Blind, choke or burn victims (p. 385)
Rapid fire machine guns
Tanks (p.378)
Aircraft (p. 387)
Trenches
Flying bullets, bombs and grenades

26. Discussion
Q.1bHow did the technological developments during WWI affect trench warfare?
Q.2a How did civilians support the war effort?
Q2b How did Total War affect life on the home front?

27. Q. 3 Results of Battle of Verdun and Battle of Somme. Gallipoli (Q
Q. 3 Results of Battle of Verdun and Battle of Somme? Gallipoli (Q.4) Why did the Western Front change very little?
Battle of Verdun-Left both France and Germany weakened.
Battle of Somme-Lost many troops and left countries weakened. No gains made.
Battle of Gallipoli- Many deaths -Allies gave up.

28. Events Outside of Europe?
Armenian Massacre
Japan captured German colonies in China and Pacific
German Colonies in Africa are attacked
Russian Revolution

29. The Treaty of Versailles THE BIG THREE
AMERICA, FRANCE AND ENGLAND

30. TREATY OF VERSAILLES
CRUSHED GERMANY

31. HOW DID THEY CRUSH GERMANY?
GERMANY WAS HUMILIATED
GERMANY WAS ANGRY
GERMANY WAS BROKE
GERMANY WAS DESPERATE
GERMANY WANTED ITS LAND BACK
BLAMED GERMANY FOR WAR
GERMANY HAD TO REPARATIONS ($$$)
STRIPPED GERMANY OF ALL ITS COLONIES
LIMITED THEIR MILITARY LOST TERRITORY

32. #1 New NATIONS WERE FORMED
AS A RESULT OF WWI…
#1 New NATIONS WERE FORMED
#3 Pres. Wilson (US) Set UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS ( SO NATIONS COULD SETTLE DISPUTES PEACEFULLY.) OVER 40 NATIONS JOINED.
THE US DID NOT!
#2 GERMANY WAS CRUSHED
#4 WWII HAPPENED!