1. Managing the Structure, Flow, and Design of Work

2. Agenda Item #1 -- Terminology! v Job v Position v a.Job Analysis v b.Job Family v c.Job Descriptions v TDRs (tasks, duties, responsibilites) v d.Job Specifications v e.KSAs (knowledge, skills, abilities) v f.Job Design v g.Job Specialization (simplification) v h.Job Rotation v i.Job Enlargement v j.Job Enrichment v j.Job Characteristics Model v k.Job Evaluation v Explain the differences & relationships among

3. Organizational Strategy Overall Cost Leadership Differentiation

4. Organizational Strategy Organizational Structure Bureaucracy Flat Boundaryless

5. Organizational Strategy Organizational Structure Work Flow Analysis Inputs Processes Outflows Business Process Reengineering

6. Organizational Strategy Organizational Structure Work Flow Analysis Groups Vs. Individuals Teams Self-Managed Teams Virtual Teams Problem-Solving Teams Special-Purpose Teams Motivating Individuals Goal-Setting 2-Factor Job Characteristics

7. Characteristics of Effective Goal-Setting v Workers will be more motivated when... v Goals are clear, specific v Goals are difficult (yet attainable) v They participate in creating goals for themselves v They receive frequent feedback on their progress toward reaching their goals

8. Herzberg’s Two-Factory Theory Hygiene Factors Motivators Low Dissatisfaction High Dissatisfaction company policies; working conditions; job security; salary; benefits; relationships with supervisors, managers, co-workers, & subordinates the work itself, achievement, recognition, responsibility, opportunities for advancement Low Satisfaction High Satisfaction if adequately provided if inadequately provided

9. Hackman & Oldham’s Job Characteristics Theory High Internal Work Motivation High-Quality Work Performance High Satisfaction with the Work Low Turnover and Absenteeism Skill Variety Task Identity Task Significance Autonomy Feedback Experienced Meaningfulness of the Work Experienced Responsibility for Work Outcomes Knowledge Results From Work Core Job Characteristics Critical Psychological States Personal & Work Outcomes Employee Growth Need Strength

10. Organizational Strategy Organizational Structure Work Flow Analysis Groups Vs. Individuals Designing Jobs Work Simplification Job Rotation Job Enlargement Job Enrichment Team-Based Design

11. Approaches to Job Design v Motivational approach v Mechanistic approach v Biological approach v Perceptual/Motor approach

12. Organizational Strategy Organizational Structure Work Flow Analysis Groups Vs. Individuals Designing Jobs Job Analysis Tasks Duties Responsibilities Knowledge Skills Abilities

13. Organizational Strategy Organizational Structure Work Flow Analysis Groups Vs. Individuals Designing Jobs Job Analysis Job Description Identification Job Summary Job Duties & Responsibilities Job Specifications Minimum Qualifications Working Conditions

14. Scheduling Work

15. Organizational Strategy Organizational Structure Work Flow Analysis Groups Vs. Individuals Designing Jobs Job Analysis Job Description Scheduling Work Telecommuting Flex-time Compressed Work Weeks Job Sharing