1. The Atlantic Slave Trade

2. Setting The Stage Sugar and Tobacco plantations need lots of workers
Wanted to use Native Americans
Disease and War ruined that plan
Look to Africa to solve that problem

3. Causes of African Slavery
Slavery existed in Africa
Increased with the spread of Islam
Prisoners of War – bought & sold
Some legal rights & Social mobility
Marry out of it
Portuguese
More interested in gold first
Changes with American colonization

4. Demand For Africans Exposed to European disease – immunity
Experience in farming
Did not know their way around – not likely to escape
Skin color made them stand out – easy to catch if they escape

5. Little known facts on slavery in the United States
What % of Southerners owned slaves?
4.8%
What % of slaves from Africa actually made it to the United States?
5.4% (about 645,000 out of 12,000,000)
Most ended up in the Caribbean (Haiti, Dominican Republic, Cuba, Jamaica) and Brazil
True or False: There were free African-Americans living in the United States that owned slaves.
True. Some examples from an 1860 census:
New Orleans, LA: 10,689 free African-Americans resided in New Orleans in Over 3,000 (28%) owned slaves
Charleston, South Carolina: In 1860, there were 125 free African-Americans living in Charleston that owned slaves.

6. Atlantic Slave Trade 1500 – 1600 – 300,000 1500 – 1700 – 1.3 million
Spain (Americas) takes an early lead followed by the Portuguese (Brazil)

7. Slavery Spreads
England now the front runner in slave trade (West Indies)
Cooperation from African rulers & merchants
Capture Africans to be enslaved
Wait for the Europeans on the coast
Gold & Guns
Some opposition once it grew larger
Merchants just changed their routes

8. Forced Journey Triangular Trade Secondary Triangle
Europeans trade manufactured goods in Africa for slaves
Slaves traded to West Indies for sugar, coffee, and tobacco that were sold back in Europe
Secondary Triangle
Rum from Americas to Africa for slaves
Take Africans to West Indies and sell them for sugar and molasses (needed to make rum)

9. The Middle Passage The voyage of slaves from Africa to West Indies
Very cruel treatment
Whippings
Disease
Abuse
Suicide
20% die on the trip

10. Pictures

11. Pictures – Part II

12. Slavery in the Americas
Auctioned to highest bidder
Worked in mines, fields, or as servants
Little food, poor living conditions
Long days & Beatings
For life as well as hereditary

13. Resistance and Rebellion
Cultural Heritage – Music
Break Tools
Uproot Plants
Work Slowly
Run Away
Revolts – Stono Rebellion (S.C.)

14. Consequences Africans lost generations Tore apart families
Introduction of guns
Contribution of labor
Brought their expertise and culture
African-American population
Slaves were not the only thing transported across the Atlantic…