1. Ch. 7, Sec. 2 Convention and Compromise  Know how the Constitutional Convention broke the deadlock over the form the new government would take.  Be familiar with how the delegates answered the question of representation.

2. Economic Depression  U.S. went through a _____________ after Rev. War.  Depression --_______________________________________.  Southern plantations were damaged.  British closed off profitable West Indies market to Americans.  Farmers suffered b/c they could not sell their goods.  Had problems paying the states for money borrowed.  Result = state officials seized farmers lands to pay their debts and threw many farmers in jail.  Resentment began to grow in Mass.  Farmers viewed new govt. as a form of __________.  Led to ______ Rebellion.

3. Shays’s Rebellion  1786—angry farmers led by _____________ forced courts in western Mass. to close so judges could not confiscate farmers’ lands.  Jan. 1787—Shays led more than 1000 farmers toward Springfield, Mass., for arms and ammunition.  State militia ordered them to halt, then fired over their heads.  Farmers didn’t stop, militia fired again, killing ___ rebels.  Result — Result  Frightened many Americans and caused them to believe the govt. could not control unrest and prevent violence.

4. A Call for Change  ________ was major issue that divided new country and led to A.O.C. being strengthened.  2 main groups emerged: 1.One group wanted to remain w/a system of independent state govts. 2.Other group wanted to create a strong __________ govt.  2 Americans led movement: _________________ and Alexander Hamilton. Constitutional Convention  May 1787--____ delegates met in Philadelphia during one of hottest summers on record.  Delegates consisted of planters, merchants, lawyers, physicians, generals, and governors.  3 were under 30 yrs. old and Benjamin Franklin was ___ yrs. old.  26 had college degrees.  Nat. Amer., African Americans, & women not considered part of political process, so none attended.

5. Constitutional Convention  Only records of Convention were kept in a journal by ________________. (known as Father of the Constitution b/c he authored basic plan of govt. that Convention would adopt)  __________________ chosen to preside over Convention. Organization Rules of the Convention: 1.Each state would have ___ vote. 2.Majority vote would rule all decisions. 3.No meetings could be held unless there were ___ states present. 4.Meetings were kept a secret!!!

6. Virginia and New Jersey Plan Virginia Plan  Proposed by Edmund Randolph.  Called for ___ house legislature, a chief executive, & a court system.  Lower House of legislature would be chosen by people.  Upper house would be chosen by lower house.  Number of reps. in each house would be based on ____________. New Jersey Plan  Proposed by William Paterson.  Called for ___ house legislature (unicameral).  Each state would receive one vote and be represented _________.  Congress could set taxes, regulate trade, & elect weak Executive branch.

7. Compromise  Virginia Plan would do away with A.O.C., the New Jersey Plan would amend the A.O.C.  Delegates decided revising A.O.C. would not solve problems.  Roger Sherman suggested _________________.  Compromise-- ________________________________________ _____________________________________________________. Great Compromise 1.2 house legislature: 1.Lower House = _________________________, number of seats would be based upon state’s population. 2.Upper House = ___________, each state would have 2 reps. (based on equal representation) 2.Chief Executive 3.Court System

8. Other Compromises  3/5 Compromise—counted each enslaved person as ___ a person for taxation and representation.  Southern states wanted to use slaves to gain delegates in House of Representatives. (Northern states objected—said slaves were property)  _____________ Compromise—Northern states agreed that Congress could not interfere w/slave trade until 1808. Approving the Constitution  September 17, _____--delegates gathered in Philadelphia at _____________ Hall to approve Constitution!  Gouverneur Morris wrote final draft of Constitution.  ___ of 13 states were needed to ratify the Constitution.  Some delegates refused to sign Constitution w/o a Bill of Rights—afraid new govt. would abuse its power w/o protection of their individual rights.