1. New Immigrants
Unit 6.6 and Extras

2. “New” vs “Old”
Old Immigrants From early 1800s From Western Europe (Ireland, Germany, England, Scandinavian) New Immigrants Late 1800s / Early 1900s From Southern and Eastern Europe (Russia, Italy, Greece, Slavic nations) Many “birds of passage” and planning to return

3. Ellis vs. Angel
Ellis Island - Entry point for many coming from Europe (over 12 Million) Angel Island -Entry point for those coming from Asia Immigration Processing – Inspections, Approvals, and/or deportations -Many had names misspelled or changed (some on purpose)

4. Discrimination against Asians
Chinese Exclusion Acts (1882, 1892, 1902 – made permanent) “Anti-Coolie” Clubs Tong Wars (Tongs were Chinese gangs) Gentleman’s Agreement (1907) with Japan to limit immigration After 1906 California law sending Japanese to segregated schools. Immigration (National Origins) Act of 1924 – banned all Asians Why was there so much discrimination against the Asian groups?

5. More Cartoons

6. Nativism
Nativism – the favoring of natural-born citizens over immigrants. What is ironic about the “native-born” in this picture?

7. Once the New Immigrants arrived
Political Machines helped get them started. Many lived in ethnic communities and in tenements. Increase in mandatory schooling for Assimilation. Settlement Houses helped many of the immigrants. Immigration Restriction League started in 1887 and called for quotas.

8. Relationship with Unions
Although many immigrants would join unions, union leaders such as Samuel Gompers were opposed to more immigration. Why would the union leaders oppose more immigrants?

9. Backlash against New Immigrants
Anti-Immigrant sentiment increased in the early 1900s. Groups such as the American Legion and renewed KKK were against more immigration. Dillingham Report (1911) – basically blamed most American problems on Immigrants. After WWI, the Red Scare contributed to call for quotas. Emergency Quota Act 1921 and National Origins Act 1924 would put quotas on the number immigrants entering the United States.

10. Immigration Push-Pull Factors (Any Time Period)
What is the main reason why most people move?

11. Immigrants’ problems (Any time period)
What are the barriers that immigrants faced (or currently face)?
Language
Poverty
Religion
Cultural
Nativism

12. It is often said that the United States is a Melting Pot
It is often said that the United States is a Melting Pot. What does that mean? Could we be a salad or a stew instead?

13. Reflection Questions
What were the differences between the Old and New Immigrants? What are some reasons why people will migrate to a new country such as the United States? How did anti-immigrant groups work to slow down immigration and why? Are we a melting pot? A salad? A stew?

14. Links
- Immigration research – Review video (good comparison of new and old) - family history search - Ellis Island