1. “Man must rise above the Earth, to the top of the atmosphere and beyond, for only thus will he fully understand the world in which he lives.” – Socrates 400 B.C.

2. Historical Perspective
Ancient World
Egyptian (2750 BC)
Polynesian (2500 BC – 8th century BC)
Phoenicians (7th century BC)
Greeks (4th century BC)

3. Trade & Conquest Chinese (1st century AD – 1400 AD) Vikings (1000 AD)
Marco Polo & Arabs (~1300 AD)
Age of Exploration ( 15th to 17th century AD)
Portuguese
Spanish
French
English

4. Pushing the frontiers Antarctic & Arctic Mt. Everest Ocean Depths
Wilderness
Lewis & Clark
Livingston
Space
Science

5. Why explore? Population growth - search for new land and resources
Conflicts in the home country
Religious beliefs
Conquest
Trade and Gold
National pride
Human spirit
Challenge
Curiosity

6. What are the consequences?
Change in world view – maps, concepts
Acquisition of resources – physical assets, knowledge or techniques

7. “Man must rise above the Earth, to the top of the atmosphere and beyond, for only thus will he fully understand the world in which he lives.” – Socrates 400 B.C.

8. Moon, Mars and Beyond
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter
Launch 2008

9. Why go to the moon? Learn List Train Inspire Operational test bed Mars
Close to earth to try out ideas of exploration
Answer fundamental questions about the Moon
List
Resources and their usage
Train
Train scientists, engineers and astronauts
Develop new technologies required for a long duration mission
Inspire

10. What will LRO do?
Characterization of deep space radiation in Lunar orbit
Determination of a high resolution 3-D geodetic grid for the Moon
Polar region resources assessment - largest unknown in present knowledge of lunar resources