1. Road to Constitution Delegates met in Philadelphia in 1787 to rework the Articles of Confederation

2. The Delegates: reps  55 delegates  White males  Well-educated  Lawyers, merchants, generals, planters, governors, ect.  Not there: Jefferson, Adams & Henry  Ages:  Oldest Franklin: 81  Others relatively younger  55 delegates  White males  Well-educated  Lawyers, merchants, generals, planters, governors, ect.  Not there: Jefferson, Adams & Henry  Ages:  Oldest Franklin: 81  Others relatively younger

3. Early Key Decisions:  George Washington to preside  Meeting could not be held without certain number of states present  Each state one vote  Simple majority decide issues  Keep work a secret  Articles bad: => Constitutional Convention  George Washington to preside  Meeting could not be held without certain number of states present  Each state one vote  Simple majority decide issues  Keep work a secret  Articles bad: => Constitutional Convention

4. Creating the Constitution Not an easy job, but some of the most significant minds at work here to compromise and create our government

5. Two Plans for Government  VA plan  Large state plan  Massachusetts  Pennsylvania  New York  Virginia  Introduced by Madison  3 branches  Executive  Judicial  Legislative: based on population in both houses  NJ plan  Small state plan  Delaware  New Jersey  Maryland  Introduced by Patterson  3 branches  Executive  Judicial  Legislative: one house based on equality

6. Compromise for Representation in Congress  Connecticut Compromise/Great Compromise  Introduced by Sherman  Three branches  Judicial branch  Executive branch  Legislative branch  Two house legislature  House of Representatives: based on population  Senate: based on equality

7. NORTH/SOUTH COMPROMISES  3/5 COMPROMISE  SLAVE TRADE AND COMMERCE COMPROMISE

8. Presidential Election Compromise  Electoral college  For President  Still used today

9. Balancing View Points The First Political Parties: Federalist & Anti-Federalist

10. Federalist  For constitution  For strong central government  Federalism (Federal System): share power between state & national governments  Federalist Papers--essays  John Jay  Alexander Hamilton  James Madison

11. Anti-Federalist  Against constitution  Protect individual rights and state rights  Freedom of speech and religion  Against strong central government  For state government power  Refused to sign until addition of Bill of Rights

12. Dates to Remember  September 17, 1787: ready and signed by delegates  June 21, 1788: New Hampshire, ninth state to ratify and constitution became law  1791: added Bill of Rights