1. Warm-up Aug. 7 2.What was the first permanent European settlement in the modern day United States? A. Jamestown, VA B. St. Augustine, FL C. Boston, MA D. Roanoke, VA

2. U.S. History Chapter 2 Notes Colonizing America

4. The Spanish Claim a New Empire Conquistadors – Spanish explorers came to America looking for the 3 G’s Conquistadors – Spanish explorers came to America looking for the 3 G’s 1. God, Gold and Glory 1519 – Hernan Cortes landed in Tabasco Mexico 1519 – Hernan Cortes landed in Tabasco Mexico 1. Had an army of 600 men Marched to Tenochtitlan Marched to Tenochtitlan 1. Malinche – Served as a guide to Cortes 2. Persuaded the Aztecs enemies to help him

5. The Spanish Claim a New Empire 1521 - Cortes defeated Aztecs 1521 - Cortes defeated Aztecs 1. Small Pox and measles had weakened the Aztecs 2. Established colony of New Spain 3. Montezuma – Last leader of the Aztecs 3. Montezuma – Last leader of the Aztecs 4. Cortes burned Tenichtitlan and built Mexico City

6. Spanish Pattern of Conquest Lived among the Native Americans and imposed their culture upon them Lived among the Native Americans and imposed their culture upon them Peninsulares – Spanish settlers (mostly men) Peninsulares – Spanish settlers (mostly men) Mestizo - New group of people who were created when Spanish explores married Native Americans Mestizo - New group of people who were created when Spanish explores married Native Americans Spanish oppressed the Native Americans Spanish oppressed the Native Americans Encomienda - System in which the Native Americans farmed, ranched, or mined for landlords who had received the rights to their labor from Spanish authorities. Encomienda - System in which the Native Americans farmed, ranched, or mined for landlords who had received the rights to their labor from Spanish authorities. Native Americans were treated harshly under the system Native Americans were treated harshly under the system 1542 - Monarchy abolished the Encomienda system 1542 - Monarchy abolished the Encomienda system Spanish began using African slaves Spanish began using African slaves Native American population had dropped Native American population had dropped

7. Spanish Conquistadors Push North 1513 - Juan Ponce de Leon explored Florida 1513 - Juan Ponce de Leon explored Florida 1562 – Abandoned exploration due to lack of economic success 1562 – Abandoned exploration due to lack of economic success

8. Protestants in Florida 1500’s – France divided by Catholics and Protestant 1500’s – France divided by Catholics and Protestant Huguenots- French Protestants Huguenots- French Protestants Gaspard de Coligny convinced the King to let the Huguenots establish a French colony in the Americas Gaspard de Coligny convinced the King to let the Huguenots establish a French colony in the Americas Near modern day Jacksonville Near modern day Jacksonville King liked the idea of getting rid of the Huguenots King liked the idea of getting rid of the Huguenots Also liked the idea of having a colony in the Americas Also liked the idea of having a colony in the Americas French settlers didn’t learn how to fish or hunt. French settlers didn’t learn how to fish or hunt. Relied on help from the local Indians Relied on help from the local Indians Ground up fish bones to make bread Ground up fish bones to make bread Waited for supplies from France Waited for supplies from France

9. Spanish Respond Sent a warship to kill Protestants Sent a warship to kill Protestants Killed most of the French colonist Killed most of the French colonist Because of religion not nationality Because of religion not nationality Spain established the colony St. Augustine Spain established the colony St. Augustine 1. 1 st permanent European settlement in the U.S.A

10. Spanish settle the Southwest 1540 – Francisco Vasquez de Coronado led the 1st Spanish expedition into modern-day Arizona 1540 – Francisco Vasquez de Coronado led the 1st Spanish expedition into modern-day Arizona Didn’t find any gold or silver Didn’t find any gold or silver 1609 – Pedro de Peralta built capital of New Mexico in Santa Fe 1609 – Pedro de Peralta built capital of New Mexico in Santa Fe Road between Santa Fe and Mexico City was called the Royal Road Road between Santa Fe and Mexico City was called the Royal Road

11. Resistance to the Spanish Catholic missionaries attempted to Christianize and impose Spanish culture on the Native Americans Catholic missionaries attempted to Christianize and impose Spanish culture on the Native Americans Used military Used military Destroyed scared objects and suppressed religious ceremonies Destroyed scared objects and suppressed religious ceremonies 1670s – Priest began forcing native Americans 1670s – Priest began forcing native Americans Native Americans were beaten for breaking the rules Native Americans were beaten for breaking the rules

12. Spain’s Empire in the Americas Review Questions 1. What did Juan Ponce de Leon claim for Spain? 1. What did Juan Ponce de Leon claim for Spain? 2. Who did Hernando Cortes conquer? 2. Who did Hernando Cortes conquer? 3. What were Conquistadores and what were they looking for? 3. What were Conquistadores and what were they looking for? 4. What is a Mestizo? 4. What is a Mestizo? 5. What was the Encomienda system? 5. What was the Encomienda system? 6. Why is St, Augustine unique? 6. Why is St, Augustine unique? 7. What were Spanish settlers in the North American Southwest looking for? 7. What were Spanish settlers in the North American Southwest looking for?

13. French and English Explorers – looked for Northwest Passage  Saw Americas as an obstacle between them and Asia

14. English Explorers (looking for a northwest passage) John Cabot - Wanted to sail west to Asia John Cabot - Wanted to sail west to Asia Landed in Newfoundland, Canada Landed in Newfoundland, Canada Didn’t meet any Indians Didn’t meet any Indians Discovered good fishing area known as the “Great Banks” Discovered good fishing area known as the “Great Banks” English fisherman began making annual fishing trips English fisherman began making annual fishing trips

16. French Explorers Jacques Cartier Jacques Cartier 1. Sailed up the St. Lawrence River to modern day Montreal 2. Used 2 kidnapped Indians as guides 3. His exploration was the basis of France’s claims to lands around the St. Lawrence River

17. French Explorers Samuel de Champlain Samuel de Champlain 1. Explored the Atlantic coast from the mouth of the St. Lawrence River 2. Established the 1 st permanent French settlement in the in North America (Modern day Quebec)

18. French and English Explorers Review Questions 9. Who did the following people sail for, where did they explore and what did they discover? 9. Who did the following people sail for, where did they explore and what did they discover? A. John Cabot - A. John Cabot - B. Jacques Cartier - B. Jacques Cartier - C. Samuel de Champlain - C. Samuel de Champlain - 10. What was the Northwest Passage? 10. What was the Northwest Passage?

20. Warm-up Aug 8 3.The rush among European powers to establish colonies in the Americas can BEST be described as A. an attempt to create regional cooperation and unity B. an extension of military and economic rivalries C. a desire to learn about other cultures D. an effort to spread Christianity around the world

21. 1 st English Colonies

22. Protestant Reformation Martin Luther – leader of the Protestant reformation, expelled from the Catholic Church, but his ideas spread and became known as the Lutheran Church. Martin Luther – leader of the Protestant reformation, expelled from the Catholic Church, but his ideas spread and became known as the Lutheran Church. John Calvin - Suggested that the Monarchy should not control the church. John Calvin - Suggested that the Monarchy should not control the church.

23. Economic Changes in England Manoralism Manoralism English nobles realized that they could make more money by raising sheep than by renting their land. English nobles realized that they could make more money by raising sheep than by renting their land. Enclosure Movement – landowners converted their estates from farms to sheep pastures and evicted the tenants. Enclosure Movement – landowners converted their estates from farms to sheep pastures and evicted the tenants. Created thousands of poor, unemployed beggars. Created thousands of poor, unemployed beggars.

24. The 1 st English Colony Richard Hakluyt - Geographer who urged England to start a colony in the Americas Richard Hakluyt - Geographer who urged England to start a colony in the Americas England didn't control 1 square foot of America at the time (late 1500's) England didn't control 1 square foot of America at the time (late 1500's) Said new colony would benefit England Said new colony would benefit England 1. Place to send petty criminals 2. Allow England to build overseas bases 3. Provide a market for English manufactured goods and a place to get raw materials 4. Plant the Protestant faith in the Americas (control Catholicism) He forgot to say that the colony should be able to feed itself He forgot to say that the colony should be able to feed itself

25. The Founding of Roanoke Founded by Sir Walter Raleigh Founded by Sir Walter Raleigh Claimed land between the 34th and 45th parallels for England (North Carolina to Maine) Claimed land between the 34th and 45th parallels for England (North Carolina to Maine) Named region Virginia (for England's virgin queen) Named region Virginia (for England's virgin queen) 1585 - 1 st colony began at Roanoke Island 1585 - 1 st colony began at Roanoke Island Roanoke and Croatian Indians lived nearby and provided help at first Roanoke and Croatian Indians lived nearby and provided help at first Colonist treated Indians with disrespect (conflicts ended in violence) Colonist treated Indians with disrespect (conflicts ended in violence) Indians stopped helping and the Colonist almost starved to death Indians stopped helping and the Colonist almost starved to death Left after a year Left after a year

26. Second Attempt John White leads a 2 nd attempt English artist convinces Raleigh John White leads a 2 nd attempt English artist convinces Raleigh People carry their families and invest own money People carry their families and invest own money White had to return home for supplies White had to return home for supplies 1. His granddaughter "Virginia Dare" was the 1st English child born in America Had to wait a couple of years to return because of the Spanish Armada Had to wait a couple of years to return because of the Spanish Armada Everyone had disappeared when he returned Everyone had disappeared when he returned 1. Only two signs CRO carved on a tree and the word CROATION on a door 1. Only two signs CRO carved on a tree and the word CROATION on a door No one knows what happened to the colonist No one knows what happened to the colonist Called the “Lost Colony” Called the “Lost Colony”

27. England Plans for Colonies Queen Elizabeth died King James became King Queen Elizabeth died King James became King James made peace with Spain enabled England to set up colonies James made peace with Spain enabled England to set up colonies Formed joint-stock companies to fund colonies (Virginia Company) Formed joint-stock companies to fund colonies (Virginia Company) investors – people who put money into project to earn money investors – people who put money into project to earn money shares of stock – pieces of ownership in a the company shares of stock – pieces of ownership in a the company Charter – written contract giving certain rights to a person or group Charter – written contract giving certain rights to a person or group

28. Jamestown (Chesapeake Bay) April 1607 - 150 colonist settled in Jamestown April 1607 - 150 colonist settled in Jamestown Swampy location caused diseases Swampy location caused diseases Looked for gold and refused to work Looked for gold and refused to work Winter 1607 – Only 38 colonist remained Winter 1607 – Only 38 colonist remained John Smith took control of the colony John Smith took control of the colony Made rule requiring people to work for food Made rule requiring people to work for food Persuaded the Powhatan Indians to give them food Persuaded the Powhatan Indians to give them food Smith was forced to return to England after burning himself Smith was forced to return to England after burning himself

29. Chief Powhatan Powhatan – Native American leader who John Smith befriended in an effort to save the colony. Powhatan Confederacy – trade agreement between Jamestown and the Native Americans.

30. Jamestown Spring 1609 - 600 more colonist arrive Spring 1609 - 600 more colonist arrive Only 60 survived the winter Only 60 survived the winter 1610 – Surviving colonist decided to leave 1610 – Surviving colonist decided to leave 1. Met new colonist on the James River 2. Persuaded to return New leaders flogged or hung colonist who neglected work New leaders flogged or hung colonist who neglected work Colony continued to grow due to Virginia Company’s support Colony continued to grow due to Virginia Company’s support Began growing tobacco Began growing tobacco

31. Tobacco Saves the Colony John Rolfe – Colonist who crossed Brazil tobacco with harsh strain grown in Virginia (High Quality) John Rolfe – Colonist who crossed Brazil tobacco with harsh strain grown in Virginia (High Quality) 1. Demand for tobacco in England made it profitable Tobacco created a demand for field labor Tobacco created a demand for field labor 1. Headright System – Gave anyone who paid for their or another’s passage 50 acres of land (Increased immigration) 2. Indentured Servants – People who agreed to a limited term of servitude in exchange for passage to North America

32. House of Burgesses Burgesses - representative Burgesses - representative First elected general assembly in American History. First elected general assembly in American History.

33. Tobacco Saves the Colony 1610 – 1 st African American slaves arrived 1610 – 1 st African American slaves arrived 1. Treated them like indentured servants 2. Not popular in the beginning due to cost (Cost twice much as indentured servants did) 2. Not popular in the beginning due to cost (Cost twice much as indentured servants did) Late 1600s – Began importing slaves in large numbers Late 1600s – Began importing slaves in large numbers Indentured servant population dropped Indentured servant population dropped Colonist were wealthier Colonist were wealthier

34. Clashes with Native Americans English didn’t want to live with the Native Americans they defeated English didn’t want to live with the Native Americans they defeated Leaders began demanding tributes and of corn and labor from local Indians Leaders began demanding tributes and of corn and labor from local Indians Burned Powhaton villages and kidnapped hostages (Pocahontas) Burned Powhaton villages and kidnapped hostages (Pocahontas) 1614 – Pocahontas married John Rolfe (Temporary peace) 1614 – Pocahontas married John Rolfe (Temporary peace)

35. Clashes with Native Americans 1622 – Powahaten Indians killed over 340 colonists 1622 – Powahaten Indians killed over 340 colonists 1. Nearly bankrupted the Virginia Company 1624 – King James revoked the Virginia Company’s Charter and turned Virginia into a royal colony 1624 – King James revoked the Virginia Company’s Charter and turned Virginia into a royal colony 1. Sent more troops and settler to strengthen colony

36. 1 st English Colonies Review Questions 12. What was the1st cash crop grown in the English colonies? 12. What was the1st cash crop grown in the English colonies? 13. Who was John Smith? 13. Who was John Smith? 14. Who was John Rolfe? 14. Who was John Rolfe? 15. What was the Headright system? 15. What was the Headright system? 16. What were Indentured Servants? 16. What were Indentured Servants? 17. What was a Joint-Stock Company? 17. What was a Joint-Stock Company? 18. What was a Royal colony? 18. What was a Royal colony? 19. Why is Jamestown important? 19. Why is Jamestown important? 20. What happened to the 2nd colony of Roanoke? 20. What happened to the 2nd colony of Roanoke? 21. Who was Walter Raleigh? 21. Who was Walter Raleigh? 22. What was the purpose of establishing the 1st English colonies in America? 22. What was the purpose of establishing the 1st English colonies in America? 23. How did settler’s attitudes hurt Jamestown in the beginning? 23. How did settler’s attitudes hurt Jamestown in the beginning?

37. Warm – up Aug 11 4.Which of the following states was NOT one of the original thirteen colonies? A.New Hampshire B. New York C.Maine D.Georgia

38. The Pilgrims Separatists – religious group that broke from the Church of England Separatists – religious group that broke from the Church of England Sought freedom form persecution (bad treatment) Sought freedom form persecution (bad treatment) 1620 – Mayflower landed at Plymouth 1620 – Mayflower landed at Plymouth storm blew them off course storm blew them off course Landed outside the limits of the Virginia Company’s Landed outside the limits of the Virginia Company’s Charter didn’t apply to them Charter didn’t apply to them

39. The Pilgrims Mayflower Compact – people agreed to obey laws that were for the good of the colony Mayflower Compact – people agreed to obey laws that were for the good of the colony William Bradford - Leader of the Pilgrims William Bradford - Leader of the Pilgrims Squanto - helped colonist plant corn, beans, and pumpkins in the tribal lands Squanto - helped colonist plant corn, beans, and pumpkins in the tribal lands 1. Served as an interpreter to local Indians and helped maintain peace 1. Served as an interpreter to local Indians and helped maintain peace 1621 – celebrated 1st Thanksgiving 1621 – celebrated 1st Thanksgiving

40. Unrest in England leads to growth of colonies population 1620 - King Charles insisted that everyone worship the same as him 1620 - King Charles insisted that everyone worship the same as him Puritans - group that wanted to rid the church of “Popish” traditions such as the use statues, painting, and instrumental music. Puritans - group that wanted to rid the church of “Popish” traditions such as the use statues, painting, and instrumental music. Didn’t like celebrations such as Christmas and church weddings Didn’t like celebrations such as Christmas and church weddings Thought playing games sports and games on Sunday was sinful Thought playing games sports and games on Sunday was sinful King said that church and state were one (people who questioned church’s authority would question the king’s too ) King said that church and state were one (people who questioned church’s authority would question the king’s too )

41. The Great Migration – period when many puritans came to America Most move to England’s colonies in the West Indies Most move to England’s colonies in the West Indies 1629 – Massachusetts Bay Company received charter (recruited Puritans to move to America) 1629 – Massachusetts Bay Company received charter (recruited Puritans to move to America) John Winthrop – led great migration to New England (became 1st governor of colony) John Winthrop – led great migration to New England (became 1st governor of colony) Great Migration - 1630 – New England’s white population nearly doubled Great Migration - 1630 – New England’s white population nearly doubled

42. Massachusetts Bay Colony (Established1630) John Winthrop served as governor John Winthrop served as governor Commonwealth - people worked for the good of the whole Commonwealth - people worked for the good of the whole People believed they had an agreement with God to build a holy society “City upon a hill” People believed they had an agreement with God to build a holy society “City upon a hill” Brought their families with them Brought their families with them

43. Colonial New England Towns Congregation was the basic unit (people who belonged to the same church) Congregation was the basic unit (people who belonged to the same church) 1. Each Puritan congregation set up its' own town Towns built around an open field Towns built around an open field Farmers lived in the towns and went out each day to work in fields Farmers lived in the towns and went out each day to work in fields Meeting house was most important building in town (handled politics and church there) Meeting house was most important building in town (handled politics and church there) 1. When town grew too big for meeting house, congregation divided and started a new town.

44. New England Way Everyone was required to attend church Everyone was required to attend church People who made noise were punished People who made noise were punished Puritans believed in godliness, hard work and honesty Puritans believed in godliness, hard work and honesty Thought dancing and playing games would lead laziness and sin Thought dancing and playing games would lead laziness and sin Bible was the source of truth so everyone should be able to read it. Bible was the source of truth so everyone should be able to read it. Required everyone to learn how to read Required everyone to learn how to read Drunkenness, swearing, theft, and idleness were illegal Drunkenness, swearing, theft, and idleness were illegal

45. Challenges to the Puritans Puritans didn't believe in religious tolerance Puritans didn't believe in religious tolerance Roger Williams - said that the government should have no power over religious matters Roger Williams - said that the government should have no power over religious matters Fled Massachusetts and founded the colony of Rhode Island Fled Massachusetts and founded the colony of Rhode Island

46. Challenges to the Puritans Anne Hutchinson – declared a Heretic and banished from the colony for saying that each person could find divine guidance without the help of the ministry Anne Hutchinson – declared a Heretic and banished from the colony for saying that each person could find divine guidance without the help of the ministry Moved to Rhode Island and founded the town of Portsmouth Moved to Rhode Island and founded the town of Portsmouth Killed by Indians in a war between the Native Americans and the Dutch Killed by Indians in a war between the Native Americans and the Dutch

47. Disputes over Land Native Americans believed that no one owned the land Native Americans believed that no one owned the land Viewed treaties land treaties where they received gifts as agreement to share the land for a limited time Viewed treaties land treaties where they received gifts as agreement to share the land for a limited time Colonist saw the agreement as a one –time deal where they bought the land Colonist saw the agreement as a one –time deal where they bought the land

48. King Phillip’s War In 1675 the Plymouth Colony tried and executes three Wampanoag for a murder which led to attacks by native Americans against colonist In 1675 the Plymouth Colony tried and executes three Wampanoag for a murder which led to attacks by native Americans against colonist Wampanoag chief organized his tribe in an alliance with several others in order to wipe out the colonist Wampanoag chief Metacom organized his tribe in an alliance with several others in order to wipe out the colonist Attacked and burned outlying settlements in New England Attacked and burned outlying settlements in New England Native American were forced to surrender and flee after a year of fighting Native American were forced to surrender and flee after a year of fighting 1. Worn down by diseases, casualties, and lack of food Metacom was killed by a Native American ally of the colonist Metacom was killed by a Native American ally of the colonist 1. Puritans exhibited Metacom’s head at Plymouth for twenty years English destroyed the power of the New England Indians English destroyed the power of the New England Indians

49. New England Colonies Review Questions 26. Who was John Winthrop? 26. Who was John Winthrop? 27. Who was Anne Hutcheson? 27. Who was Anne Hutcheson? 28. What were Separatists? 28. What were Separatists? 29. Who was Roger Williams? 29. Who was Roger Williams? 31. Who were the effects of the Pequot War? 31. Who were the effects of the Pequot War? 32. What was everyone in New England required to do? 32. What was everyone in New England required to do? 33. What was the Great Migration? 33. What was the Great Migration? 34. What was the Mayflower Compact? 34. What was the Mayflower Compact? 35. What is a charter? 35. What is a charter? 36. Who were the Pilgrims? 36. Who were the Pilgrims? 37. Who settled in Massachusetts Bay Colony? 37. Who settled in Massachusetts Bay Colony? 38. Who settled in Plymouth Colony? 38. Who settled in Plymouth Colony? 39. Who wanted to build a “City upon a Hill”? 39. Who wanted to build a “City upon a Hill”? 40. Why did the Puritans come to the American colonies? 40. Why did the Puritans come to the American colonies?

50. New Netherland Henry Hudson – explored the area between New England and the Chesapeake and claimed it for the Dutch. Henry Hudson – explored the area between New England and the Chesapeake and claimed it for the Dutch. Settled the area by patroons - a person who brought 50 settlers to New Netherland Settled the area by patroons - a person who brought 50 settlers to New Netherland 1. Had same power as a feudal lord Dutch profited from Fur trading Dutch profited from Fur trading 1. Established Albany and New Amsterdam Peter Stuyvesant - governor of New Amsterdam (conquered New Sweden) Peter Stuyvesant - governor of New Amsterdam (conquered New Sweden)

51. Seizure of New Netherlands England jealous of New Amsterdam's success ( It also divided their lands) England jealous of New Amsterdam's success ( It also divided their lands) King Charles the II decided his brother the Duke of York should take it from the Dutch King Charles the II decided his brother the Duke of York should take it from the Dutch Dutch gave up without a fight Dutch gave up without a fight Dutch of York becomes proprietor (owner) renames it New York Dutch of York becomes proprietor (owner) renames it New York

52. New Jersey Dutch of York gave New Jersey to two of his friends Dutch of York gave New Jersey to two of his friends Gave Pennsylvania to William Penn Gave Pennsylvania to William Penn 1. Penn wanted a place for the Quakers to live

53. Quakers face Persecution (Quakers were a Puritan Group) Said that neither ministers or the bible were needed (each person could know God directly through an "inner light" Said that neither ministers or the bible were needed (each person could know God directly through an "inner light" Were treated harshly in Massachusetts (whipped, thrown in jail, parts of ears cut off and bored their tongues with hot irons) Were treated harshly in Massachusetts (whipped, thrown in jail, parts of ears cut off and bored their tongues with hot irons) 1691 - King forced a new charter on Massachusetts (governor chosen by the King rather than elected) 1691 - King forced a new charter on Massachusetts (governor chosen by the King rather than elected)

54. The Quakers Settle in Pennsylvania William Penn received the land as repayment for a debt King Charles II owed Penn’s father William Penn received the land as repayment for a debt King Charles II owed Penn’s father Penn wanted place for Quakers to live Penn wanted place for Quakers to live They were harassed by both Anglicans and Puritans They were harassed by both Anglicans and Puritans Gave every settler 50 acres of land Gave every settler 50 acres of land The government called for the establishment of a representative assembly and freedom of religion The government called for the establishment of a representative assembly and freedom of religion Capital of the colony was Philadelphia “City of brotherly love” Capital of the colony was Philadelphia “City of brotherly love” Recruited immigrants from western Europe Recruited immigrants from western Europe Thousands of Germans migrated to the colony Thousands of Germans migrated to the colony 1. Brought craft skills and farming techniques The colonies principles of equality, cooperation, and religious tolerance eventually became fundamental values of the new American nation The colonies principles of equality, cooperation, and religious tolerance eventually became fundamental values of the new American nation

55. Maryland 1632 - Maryland founded by Lord Baltimore 1632 - Maryland founded by Lord Baltimore Received a land grant from Charles I Received a land grant from Charles I Wanted a place for Catholics Wanted a place for Catholics Colony was named after Queen Henrietta Maria Colony was named after Queen Henrietta Maria 1. Charles’ Queen

56. Carolinas and Georgia Charles II gave 8 supporters land between Virginia and Spanish Florida Charles II gave 8 supporters land between Virginia and Spanish Florida 1. Carolina - Feminine form of Charles 1. Carolina - Feminine form of Charles 1729 - King took over Carolina charter and divided it into North and South 1729 - King took over Carolina charter and divided it into North and South 1732 Georgia was founded to act as buffer between Spanish and Carolinas 1732 Georgia was founded to act as buffer between Spanish and Carolinas Founded By James Oglethorpe Founded By James Oglethorpe Debtors colony Debtors colony

57. Middle and Southern Colonies Review Questions 41. Who was William Penn? 41. Who was William Penn? 42. What was a Patroon? 42. What was a Patroon? 43. What was the House of Burgesses? 43. What was the House of Burgesses? 44. Who was Lord Baltimore? 44. Who was Lord Baltimore? 45. What did the King do to the Carolina colony? 45. What did the King do to the Carolina colony? 46. Who was James Ogelthorpe? 46. Who was James Ogelthorpe? 47. What city used to be known as New Amsterdam? 47. What city used to be known as New Amsterdam? 48. How did the Pennsylvania colony view religious tolerance? 48. How did the Pennsylvania colony view religious tolerance? 49. What did all of the colonies need in order to prosper? 49. What did all of the colonies need in order to prosper? 50. What group of people founded New Netherland? 50. What group of people founded New Netherland?

58. Warm-up Aug. 12 5.Who argued that all people are born with certain natural rights? A.Thomas Hobbs B.Abraham Lincoln C. John Locke D. Thomas Jefferson

59. English Civil War Between Parliament and the Monarchy Oliver Cromwell – Puritan leader and commander of the Parliaments Army. Ruled as dictator of England for 20 years. Upon his death no strong leader arose and the leaders decided to restore the monarchy. Charles I and Charles II - Restoration