1. What is absolutism?

2. Absolutism is a form of monarchy that is not restricted by anything (churches, constitutions, or law-making bodies). AN ABSOLUTE RULER RULES ABSOLUTELY!

3. B.The monarch would claim divine right – the power to rule came from God.

4. French Absolutism

5. Absolutism in France Multi Flow Map Intendants who collected _______ were ____________ Built strongest _______ in Europe __________ lifestyle Persecution of __________ LOUIS XIV’s IN FRANCE Strengthened _____________from support of ________ ___________ _______ were costly & disrupted _______ ___ _________in Europe ______________ decline ______________ fled which _________ economy taxes army Middle class Huguenots Extravagant Middle class monarchy Economic Of power balance Wars Huguenots hurt

6. Absolutism in France A.There were between the Huguenots between the Huguenots and the and the majority (1560’s to 1590’s) religious wars (French Protestants) Catholic

7. - St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre (1572) – 3,000 Huguenots slaughtered

8. Catholic France  French Catholics = 16 million  French Huguenots = 2 million

9. Between 1562 and 1598, Huguenots and Catholics fought 8 religious wars!

10. B. Henry IV inherits French throne (1589) - He is a but converts to (the majority in France) to make life easier BUT… Protestant Catholicism

11. -Edict of Nantes (1589) – and protects Huguenots - His goal: heal France grants religious toleration

12. Some hated Henry for having been a Huguenot. In 1610, a fanatic leaped into the royal carriage and stabbed Henry to death.

13. Henry IV’s Tomb - He was assassinated in 1610

14. Cardinal Richelieu - became king but was weak. Appointed Richelieu as Louis XIII minister.

15.  Richelieu was a cunning, capable leader who spent next 18 years strengthening the monarch’s power. He ran France.

16. Louis XIV – The Sun King -Believed in - didn’t meet from 1614-1789. didn’t meet from 1614-1789. - Lived extravagantly. divine right Estates General

17. -French culture, manners, and customs replaced those of Renaissance Italy as the standard in Europe.

18. -His five year old great grandson,, takes the throne after him., takes the throne after him. Louis XV [r. 1715 – 1774] Louis XV [r. 1715 – 1774]

19. English Absolutism

21. From 1485 -1603 England was ruled by the Tudor dynasty 1603- Elizabeth I dies without an heir.

22. Stuart dynasty of Scotland takes the crown. James I believes in divine right and clashes with Parliament.

23. 1625- Charles I inherits throne and behaves like an absolute monarch In 1653- Parliament declared it could not be dissolved without its consent.

24. Charles led troops to arrest leaders, but they escaped and mounted their own army The English Civil War lasts 7 years. Cavaliers supported king. Roundheads supported Parliament.

26. 1647- Parliament wins. Charles is executed. Oliver Cromwell leads the republic or Commonwealth Strict Puritan ways were enforced. The English people grew tired of this.

27. 1648- Cromwell dies. Parliament invited Charles II to be king.

28. 4. A Limited Monarchy?! A. William and Mary were forced to accept the English Bill of Rights. B. England then became a limited monarchy; Parliament had limited the monarchs’ power.

29. 5. The English Bill of Rights A.Can’t dissolve Parliament B.No taxes without approval of Parliament C.Freedom of speech D.Right to trial E.Right to petition the King