1. Mind Walk Discovering the Historical Record

2. Fold your paper in half vertically (hot dog style) so you have 2 columns

3. Your Paper

4. List all the activities you were involved in during the past 24 hours (starting from this time yesterday to this moment) Step ONE

5. Your Paper List of activities Leave blank for now 5 am: woke up 5:30am: Took a shower 6:00am: walked my dog 6:30am: fixed my lunch for the day 7:00am: arrived at work

6. Step TWO  Review your entire list. For each activity on your list, write down what evidence, if any, your activities might have left behind.  Examples: diary, notes, letters, emails, text messages, voice mail, calendar entry, checks, charge cards, receipts, eye witnesses, trash, material objects

7. Your Paper List of activities Evidence 5 am: woke up None 5:30am: Took a shower None 6:00am: walked my dog My neighbor was also walking her dog; we exchanged hellos 6:30am: fixed my lunch for the day None 7:00am: arrived at work Sign in sheet in the office; Custodian greeted me on the way in; signed into my computer

8. Step 3  Review your list and evidence. Then…  Circle the activities that left the most trace evidence behind  Of the circled items, put a box around the ones that might be preserved—explain why!  Cross out all the activities that would be left out of any historical record.  Based on what is left, what would a future historian be able to tell about your life?

9. Your Paper List of activities Evidence 5 am: woke up None 5:30am: Took a shower None 6:00am: walked my dog My neighbor was also walking her dog; we exchanged hellos 6:30am: fixed my lunch for the day None 7:00am: arrived at work Sign in sheet in the office; Custodian greeted me on the way in; signed into my computer Computer records last for much longer than many other things; sign in sheets are kept for pay roll purposes.

10. A future historian would say…  I work extremely hard given the time I arrive at work each day and the things I do on my computer.

11. Broaden it out  Now, think of a more public event (a court case, an election, a controversy, etc.). Write this event down, then answer the following questions  What kind of evidence does this event leave behind?  Who records information about this event  Why are these events recorded?

12. So…What?  What does this activity reveal about what the historical record preserves?  Why?

13. Native American Culture  Earliest part of the United States’ Historical Record  Preserved through their own historical record…what artifacts might they have?

14. Oral Tradition  Stories spoken aloud rather than committed to paper; an early form of both literature and history  What are the strengths of this type of preservation?  Weaknesses?—Telephone/Gossip

15. First Phrase  The three little bears bounded happily across the meadow.

16. Second Phrase  The dancing girls gave Alice a purple rose.

17. Validity and Fallibility  Can something be both fallible (imperfect) and valid (legitimate)?

18. Fact vs. Opinion in the Historical Record  PREZI: PREZI

19. Origin Myth  Myth: a usually traditional story of allegedly historical events that serves to unfold part of the world view of a people  Origin Myths: explain a practice, belief, or natural phenomenon  Examples?  Fact or opinion?  Valid?

20. Onondaga Tribe  Present territory is south of Syracuse, New York.  Continues to maintain its ancient form of government, including a traditionally- selected council of chiefs.  Short video Clip00-:57; 10:40 Short video Clip Short video Clip

21. Symbolism  The use of something tangible to describe something intangible.  HEART = LOVE

22. What type of person might have had this totem shield?

23. What does it mean to be interconnected (pg 9)? How do you think tales of nature and the natural world show interconnectedness?

24. In her introduction, Susan Power says, “I was taught that our lives are stories…”. Do you agree with the statement? Explain.

25. Animal in “The Earth on Turtle’s Back” Symbolic Meaning Turtle Swan Beaver Loon Muskrat Sacred; holy Duck Graceful on the water; sees clearly through emotions; spirit helper of mystics and seers.

26. Animal I likeSymbolic Meaning

27. For Later… When Grizzlies Walked Upright Symbolic Meaning Grizzly Bear Bear

28. Reading Check questions  1. What happened to the wife of the chief when the young men uprooted the Great Tree? Why were the animals so concerned about this?  2. Whom do the Onondaga credit with bringing the Earth into existence? Explain your response.  3. How does life (the trees and seeds) come into existence on Earth? Where do the scratches on the Turtle’s back come from?  4. Who brings the Earth up?

29.  In this scenario, how many points of view are there? (remember Point of view refers to who is telling a story.) How might the point of view change depending on the outcome? Why is it important to know that there are different points of view? If your friend was telling you the story how might things change is your friend was a player? A referee? A coach? An opposing team fan?

30. Point of View  What are the 4 narrative viewpoints?  1 st person—”I”  2nd person—”you”  3 rd person Omniscient— All knowing  3 rd person limited—outside narrator only focusing on one character

31. Point of view  What point of view is this story told from?  3 rd person omniscient

32. Point of View  Is the Point of View consistent?  Is it plausible?  Are there alternatives?

33. Modoc Tribe  Originate from Northern California and Southern Oregon  They are currently divided between Oregon and Oklahoma.  The latter are a federally-recognized tribe, the Modoc Tribe of Oklahoma.  The Oregon Modocs are enrolled in the federally-recognized Klamath Tribes.

34. Mt. Shasta

35. Grizzlies Reading Check  What natural phenomenon is explained in the first paragraph?  What is the difference between the bears of the “beginning of the world” and bears of today?  What does the sky spirit warn his daughter about?  Where does the daughter disappear to?  Why does the sky spirit curse the grizzlies?  Who were the first Indians?  Look at the graphic on pg. 22. In what way does the artist blend the natural world and the human world?  What Point of View is this origin myth told in?

36. Origin Myths SelectionPhenomenonExplanation “The Earth on Turtle’s Back” The world Trees and Seeds Scratches on the Turtle’s Back “When Grizzlies Walked Upright” Mount Shasta Beaver Otter Fish Birds Grizzlies

37. Reservation Life Facts Opinions

38. Direct V. Indirect Characterization DIRECT CHARACTERIZATION INDIRECT CHARACTERIZATION the writer makes direct statements about a character's personality and tells what the character is like. the writer reveals information about a character and his personality through that character's thoughts, words, and actions, along with how other characters respond to that character, including what they think and say about him.

39. DirectionsCharacterizationWhat this tells you about them. 1. Directly characterize your best friend. 2. Directly characterize your favorite teacher 3. Indirectly characterize your best friend. 4. Indirectly characterize your favorite relative.

40. “Little Spirit Sun”   Love Medicine: first of Erdrich's "Argus" novels set 1912-1980s   Three Ojibwe families living in Argus, North Dakota   Erdrich has been compared to William Faulkner   multi-voice narration and nonchronological storytelling   Fictional towns: Argus & Yoknapatawpha County.   Tracks is another novel in this series.

41. “Little Spirit Sun”  Setting:  Setting: Argus, ND; Winter 1912  Point of view:  Point of view: Nanapush; first person; aprox. 50 years at the time of telling;

42. “Little Spirit Sun” CharacterRelationship to others Direct Characterization Indirect Characterization Nanapush Fleur Pillager Gran- daughter

43. “Little Spirit Sun” Nanapush’s Facts Nanapush’s Opinions POV affect perception?

44. Thematic Connections   Take your response to this scenario and write down as many connections as you can between the scenario and the real life experience of Native Americans. Theme: a unifying or dominate idea. For example, love conquers all is a theme of many pieces of literature.

45. Reservation life The ScenarioThe article“Little Spirit Sun” Similarities Therefore, literature reflects human struggles through the themes of…

46. Basic human nature  Overcome struggles  Get the word out  What are some ways to do this?

47. Satire   As you watch the video, make sure you identify the following terms: 1. Satire Purpose & Context 2. Irony 3. Sarcasm 4. Ridicule 5. Exaggeration 6. Parody

48. Satire

49. Satire

50. Satire

51. Satire  Name one issue that is popularly satirized in our society

52. Satire   We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

53. Satire