1. Medical Terminology Unit 5 Adonis K. Lomibao R.N. 12/13/11

3. Objectives Define & spell key terms Recognize meanings of common prefixes, suffixes, and root words. Build medical terms from word parts List abbreviations commonly used in healthcare Describe the organization of the body. Name & Locate major organs as part of body symptoms

4. Medical Terminology-Intro Language of Medical Science & Healthcare Terms built by combining: -Word roots:usually, but not always, referring to the body or condition that is being treated, studied, or named by the term. -Combining form:combination of a vowel added to the end of the word root.

5. Intro Cont. -Prefix:added to the beginning of a word to add to or change its meaning. -Suffix: added to the end of a word to change or add to its meaning. -Abbreviation: shortened form of the word. (check policy for approved abbreviations) - “Do Not Use” list: check policy-altered q3 mos for patient safety.

6. Word Roots The foundation of the term. Can be a prefix or suffix Example: -cyte:cell -cytology:study of cells -leukocyte:white blood cell -polycytosis: illness-too many red & white BC

7. Body Organization Health-a state of well-being in which all parts of the body and mind are functioning properly. Disease-any change from the healthy state

8. Anatomic Terms Anatomy-structure Physiology-function We describe the relationship of the body parts-refer to the anatomic position. Anatomic position: -standing erect-feet slightly separated -facing the observer -arms at the sides with the palms forward

9. Anatomic Position

10. Descriptive Terms Imaginary lines drawn through body provide a reference. Midline:divides the body into L and R sides -Medial:parts close to the midline -Lateral:parts farther away from the line Parallel line to the floor:divides the body into upper & lower parts. -Superior-above the line -Inferior-below the line

11. Descriptive Terms Cont. Third line divides body into front & back -anterior or ventral: parts in front of line -posterior or dorsal: parts in back of line

12. Parts of Attachment Extremities: arms & legs Terms used to describe the relationship between the parts of the extremities & points of attachment. -Proximal: closest to the point of attachment -Distal: farthest away from the point of attachment

13. Abdominal Regions 4 quadrants-Umbilicus at the center Can also be divided into 9 regions

14. Abdominal Regions

15. Organization of The Body Cell:basic unit of the body Tissues: groups of similar cells Organs: formed by different tissues

16. Cells Cells perform same basic functions that the total body performs on a smaller scale. Cells are specialized -Epithelial cells -Nerve cells -Muscle cells -Connective tissue cells

17. Cells Cont. Epithelial cells- close together, protective coverings, sometimes produce body fluids Nerve cells- carry electrical messages Muscle cells- shorten or lengthen, change shape & position of parts attached,control size of body openings Connective tissue cells-support & connect body parts

18. Tissues Epithelial tissue- absorb & secrete fluids, excrete waste products, and protect. Nervous tissue- forms the brain, spinal cord, nerves and in special organs (eyes/ears/tastebuds) Muscle tissue-skeletal(voluntary), cardiac, smooth(involuntary)

19. Tissues Cont. Connective tissue-forms blood, bone, and fibrous & elastic tissues to hold the skin on the body, attach muscles to bone, and support cells throughout the body.

20. Organs Made of more than one kind of tissue Performs special functions that contribute to function of body systems. Some contribute to multiple systems

21. Systems Circulatory Endocrine Gastrointestinal Integumentary Muscular

22. Systems Cont. Nervous Reproductive Respiratory Skeletal Urinary

23. Membranes Sheets of epithelial tissues supported by connective tissue -cover the body -line body cavities -produce some body fluids Mucous membranes -produce mucus -lines cavities open to the outside

24. Membranes Cont. Synovial membranes -produce synovial fluid -lines joint cavities Serous membranes -Produce serous fluid -cover organs and line closed

25. Cavities Spaces that contain the organs 2 Main-Dorsal & Ventral These 2 are lined be serous membranes and divided into other cavities

26. Body Cavities

27. El Fin