1. 2.1 Physical activity and Health How does physical activity affect our health (Hauora)

2. Critical Thinking 1. State your own opinion 2. Where did your belief come from 3. Who is advantaged by this belief 4. Who is disadvantaged by this belief 5. Compare beliefs with research 6. Consider S.P.E.E.C.H perspectives (Social, political, economic, environmental, cultural, historical) (Social, political, economic, environmental, cultural, historical)

3. “If you are overweight you are unhealthy” Opinion: I agree with this because if you exercise you won’t be overweight Opinion: I agree with this because if you exercise you won’t be overweight Belief: from the media because they say overweight people have heart problems Belief: from the media because they say overweight people have heart problems Advantaged: anyone wanting people to lose weight Advantaged: anyone wanting people to lose weight Disadvantaged: anyone who is overweight Disadvantaged: anyone who is overweight

4. “If you are overweight you are unhealthy” Evidence to support belief: Evidence to support belief: overweight eat junk food, no exercise, heart problems, diabetes, stress on joints overweight eat junk food, no exercise, heart problems, diabetes, stress on joints

5. S.P.E.E.C.H Social: society treats over weight people poorly as they should be exercising and not eating badly Political: ‘push play’, government control when fast food ads can be shown on tv, control what is taught in health classes

6. S.P.E.E.C.H Economic: more you earn can afford equipment, travel to games, good food so less likely to be overweight Environmental: active job keep fit, live in city easy access to facilities, parents healthy influences us, who our friends are

7. S.P.E.E.C.H Cultural: NZ society encourages people to be active, polynesians are larger, sumo in japan Historical: people becoming bigger, models becoming smaller, overeating/ eating disorders, ready meals

8. Definitions Physical activity: any daily activity that is done as part of a normal routine e.g chores, walking to the bus, work

9. Definitions Exercise: planned, structured activity that is done to get fit/maintain a healthy weight e.g playing a sport, going to the gym

10. Definitions Health: positive wellbeing that is physical, mental/emotional, social, and spiritual. Not just the absence of illness/disease.

11. Types of physical activity Play: making up games, very unstructured, non-competitive Games: structured play, competitive and have rules Work related activity: chores, walking to work, job (builder, farmer)

12. Healthism The body as a machine (like a car) Cleaning: daily showers to remove dirt Cleaning: daily showers to remove dirt Energy: eat food regularly to give body the energy/nutrients needed Energy: eat food regularly to give body the energy/nutrients needed Lubrication: fluid made by the body so joints/muscles can move Lubrication: fluid made by the body so joints/muscles can move Repairs: doctor/physio help fix the body when injured/sick Repairs: doctor/physio help fix the body when injured/sick Cooling: drink to hydrate and cool the body Cooling: drink to hydrate and cool the body

13. Hauora How can tramping be linked to Hauora Physical: walking hard to get to a hut Mental/emotional: feeling good because away from daily stresses

14. Hauora Social: being with friends on a tramp Spiritual: being with nature

15. Factors that influence a person’s wellbeing/Health Physical activity/exercise/recreation Physical activity/exercise/recreation Stress/blood pressure Stress/blood pressure Diet (water, sugar/salt/fat) Diet (water, sugar/salt/fat) Smoking/Alcohol/drugs Smoking/Alcohol/drugs Injury/illness/ Injury/illness/ Anxiety/depression Anxiety/depression Relationships/family Relationships/family

16. Influences on Health *Personal: own attitudes and behaviours e.g enjoy eating fruit, smoke, exercise

17. Influences on Health *Interpersonal: influence of family and friends e.g parents cooking healthy meals, both parents smoke

18. Influences on Health *Societal: influence of society on health e.g junk food ads, alcohol advertising, facebook parties

19. Damaging behaviours Dieting: can lead to eating disorders, malnourishment Dieting: can lead to eating disorders, malnourishment Overtraining: Overtraining: injuries, tired body, can lead to exercise addiction

20. Damaging behaviours Supplements: ok in moderation but not to replace meals Supplements: ok in moderation but not to replace meals Exercise addiction: Exercise addiction: physical need to exercise, usually tied in with body shape/image

21. Damaging behaviours Drugs: taking drugs has a major influence on the body (heart, liver, mental health, skin, genitals) Drugs: taking drugs has a major influence on the body (heart, liver, mental health, skin, genitals) Surgery: Surgery: For obesity or appearance

22. Performance Drugs Steroids: builds muscle, faster recovery from training. Any sport could use them Steroids: builds muscle, faster recovery from training. Any sport could use them

23. Performance drugs EPO: more red blood cells to carry O2, don’t fatigue as quickly, any endurance sport could use it

24. Performance drugs Diuretics: rapidly reduce body weight, weight category sports like boxing, horse racing, wrestling Diuretics: rapidly reduce body weight, weight category sports like boxing, horse racing, wrestling

25. Performance drugs Narcotics: masks pain, euphoria Narcotics: masks pain, euphoria any sport competing with any injury any sport competing with any injury Stimulants: increased alertness, reduced fatigue,any sport where reactions are important Stimulants: increased alertness, reduced fatigue,any sport where reactions are important

26. Physical Activity Frequency: how often you train (daily is ideal, 3-4 week ok) (daily is ideal, 3-4 week ok) Intensity: how hard you train (moderate to hard is best) (moderate to hard is best) Time: how long you train for (30-60 minutes is ideal) (30-60 minutes is ideal) Type: how you train (continuous, weights..) (continuous, weights..)

27. Why people exercise Time out: de stress after work Time out: de stress after work Improve fitness: feel fitter/stronger Improve fitness: feel fitter/stronger Competition: enjoy winning/playing Competition: enjoy winning/playing

28. Why people exercise Enjoyment: like how it makes them feel Enjoyment: like how it makes them feel Maintain body weight: Maintain body weight: not become fat not become fat Challenge: like the sense of achievement Challenge: like the sense of achievement

29. Barriers to exercise Motivation: can’t be bothered Motivation: can’t be bothered Time: too much else to do Time: too much else to do Money: can’t afford to do it Money: can’t afford to do it Tiredness: too tired all the time Tiredness: too tired all the time

30. Barriers to exercise Injury: cant because get injured Injury: cant because get injured Lack of knowledge: don’t know how Lack of knowledge: don’t know how Overweight: feel too over weight Overweight: feel too over weight Lack of skill: can’t co ordinate the movements Lack of skill: can’t co ordinate the movements

31. Personal factors influencing health Age: elderly do less impact exercises Age: elderly do less impact exercises Gender: girls more into exercise classes, boys contact sports Gender: girls more into exercise classes, boys contact sports Body shape: if overweight feel awkward Body shape: if overweight feel awkward Culture: food we eat, clothes we wear Culture: food we eat, clothes we wear

32. Personal factors influencing health Ability: more skilled more likely to play Ability: more skilled more likely to play Income: can afford more equipment Income: can afford more equipment Education: know what to do and why you are doing it Education: know what to do and why you are doing it