1. Slide 1-1 Chapter 1 Terms Information Systems Overview Introduction to Information Systems Judith C. Simon

2. Slide 1-2 "Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in Section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the express written permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Request for further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his/her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The Publisher assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages, caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information contained herein."

3. Slide 1-3 Chapter 1 Terms Review ä ä Analog computer: hardware designed primarily for scientific uses, such as measurements ä ä Application program: instructions for specific purposes or business uses, such as letter writing or mathematical calculations ä ä Competitive advantage: an organization’s unique qualities that allow it to compete successfully with other organizations offering similar products or services

4. Slide 1-4 Chapter 1 Terms Review ä ä Data: raw facts that are collected ä ä Database: a group of related files ä ä Data/information flow: overall process of movement of data through an information system ä ä Digital computer hardware designed to use the digits 0 and 1 to store data and instructions

5. Slide 1-5 Chapter 1 Terms Review ä ä Feedback: appropriate communication related to performance of data/information flow process ä ä Field: an individual category or item of interest in a file ä ä File: a collection of fields and records

6. Slide 1-6 Chapter 1 Terms Review ä ä GIGO: acronym for “garbage in, garbage out,” meaning that the computer is no more accurate than the data provided to it by humans ä ä Hardware: equipment in a computer system, such as the processor and external (peripheral) items such as a keyboard, display screen, printer

7. Slide 1-7 Chapter 1 Terms Review ä ä Information: result after data is converted into something meaningful ä ä Information system (IS): components including IT, people, and procedures that work together to provide appropriate information in the proper format whenever needed; one business can have multiple information systems ä ä Information technology (IT): the combination of hardware, software, and data needed by an information system

8. Slide 1-8 Chapter 1 Terms Review ä ä Input: process of collecting data and entering it into the information system ä ä Knowledge: productive use of information ä ä Mainframe computer: large, high-capability computer designed for multiple users and requiring special personnel to operate and maintain it

9. Slide 1-9 Chapter 1 Terms Review ä ä Microcomputer: also called desktop computer, personal computer (PC), laptop, or notebook; designed as a single-user system, but groups of computers can be linked to share resources ä ä Minicomputer: multiple-user system designed with fewer capabilities and at a lower cost than a mainframe computer ä ä Multimedia: use of special forms of input or output, such as sound and animation

10. Slide 1-10 Chapter 1 Terms Review ä ä Operating system program: instructions for hardware operations or activities ä ä Output: results of processing that can be viewed by humans ä ä Procedures: the IS component that provides instructions to the people involved in the system ä ä Processing conversion of data into meaningful form (information)

11. Slide 1-11 Chapter 1 Terms Review ä ä Record: individual row in a file containing data about one person, place, or thing based on designated items of interest (fields) ä ä Software: instructions or programs for computer hardware ä ä Supercomputer: very high-capability, high-cost computer, used primarily for complex calculations such as those in research projects

12. Slide 1-12 Chapter 1 Terms Review ä ä System: related elements working together to achieve a goal ä ä Workstation: high-end (highest capability) desktop computer, sometimes considered as a separate category of computer

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