1. An Ecozone is made up of different characteristics that make this part of Canada different and unique. Fill in the figure below. Ecozones

2. Vegetation Wildlife Human Use Landforms Soil Drainage Climate

3. Climate and Weather The day-to-day characteristics of temperature, rain, cloud cover and wind Long-term patterns of weather Weather: Climate:

4. Canada’s Weather October 3, 2005

5. Canada’s Climate Canada has 8 climate regions Arctic Taiga Cordilleran Pacific Maritime Boreal Prairie Southeastern Atlantic Maritime

6. Canada’s Climate There are 6 factors that make Canada’s climate different.

7. LOWERN L = Latitude O = Ocean Currents W = Wind E = Elevation R = Relief N = Nearness to Water

8. LOWERN L = Latitude: The distance (north and south) from the equator (0 o ). Regions close to the equator are warmer since direct sun’s rays produce more heat. Latitude determines if a region is hot or cold

9. O = Ocean Currents Ocean currents bring warm or cold water to new places If the ocean current is warm then it will heat the air above it. If the ocean current is cold then it will cool the air above it.

10. LOWERN W = Wind: Wind moves hot and cold “air masses” to other parts of the world. If there is no wind, our weather wouldn’t change very much!

11. E = Elevation: Elevation: refers to the height above sea level. The higher up you are the colder it gets LOWERN

12. R = Relief: Relief: refers to physical features such as mountain ranges (i.e. big difference in elevation). Mountains act like a barrier to air masses LOWERN

13. N = Nearness to Water: Region that are close to oceans and large lakes have different climates. In the summer  water remains cooler then the land and when wind blows, it brings cool air over the land. In the winter  water keeps its heat and when wind blows, it bring warm air over the land.

14. LOWER Continental and Maritime Climates A region that is close to a large body of water (ocean or large lakes) has a Maritime Climate. A region that is NOT close to a large body of water has a Continental Climate.

15. Canada’s Weather October 25, 2004

16. LOWERN Continental and Maritime Climates Continental Climate Maritime Climate

17. So, Canada has different Climates because of…. L = O = W = E = R = N = Latitude Relief Elevation Wind Nearness to water Ocean Currents

18. How does climate affect us? 1. A Drought (no rain, very dry period) can destroy crops and soil. 2. Major snow/rain storms can cause major transportation problems 3. Climate affects the vegetation, soil and wildlife (animals). 4. Climate also affects certain industries in Canada like farming and mining.

19. Climate Graphs A Climate Graph shows the average temperatures and precipitation (rainfall), for each month for a region or city.

20. A Climate Graph should have… 1. Title of region or city 4. Months at the bottom 2. Temperature ( o C) in a red line 3. Precipitation (mm) drawn in blue blocks 5. Average Annual temperature ( o C) & Total annual precipitation (mm)