1. Review for Test

2. What type of government does the U.S have? Representative Democracy: citizens delegate authority to elected representatives

3. What are illegal aliens? What can they do? People who are in the country without proper paperwork They can go to school, receive medical attention They cannot vote

4. How can someone have dual citizenship? If one parent is American born and they live or were born in another country If they are American born and their parents were born in another country

5. Identify a United States citizen. A person born in the United States whose parents are citizens. A person born in the United States whose parents are not citizens. A person born in a foreign country whose parents are United States citizens.

6. What does an immigrant have to do to become a United States citizen? Demonstrate basic knowledge of the English language, take an oath of loyalty to the United States and answer questions about United States history

7. Describe immigration in the 1880’s and 1990s Greatly decreased because of high birthrates throughout the United States.

8. Direct Democracy All citizens take part in voting Representative Democracy citizens delegate authority to elected representatives Dictatorship form of government in which one person possesses absolute power without effective constitutional limitations

9. How an Alien becomes a Citizen Declaration of Intention(optional) An alien may file this in any naturalization court. Declares that an alien intends to seek American citizenship. Petition for Naturalization-After an alien has lived in the U.S. at least 5 yrs.(or 3 yrs if married to a U.S. citizen), he/she files an application called a petition for Naturalization Examination – an examiner conducts an exam in which applicant must show that he/she is of good moral character who believes in the principles of the constitution. Also must prove he/she can read, write, and speak English and knows history and government of the U.S.

10. Final Hearing If the applicant meets all of the qualifications, he/she is granted citizenship at a final hearing. There, the alien swears an oath of allegiance and is given a certificate of naturalization.

11. Illegals: How they enter the country: Entering the country without going through a checkpoint (at airport, port, or border crossing) Overstaying a temporary visa Pathways of legal immigration are slow and costly: significant backlogs at immigration offices. Probability of being accepted as an LPR is unlikely - Day laborers/unskilled workers. How do handle the issue: Enforcement: Increased surveillance at the US-Mexico border through the National Guard and Border Patrol 2 nd border fence Employer and Employee Sanctions Raids on illegal workers, as in Fall 2006, who are then detained and deported. Sanctions (fines) or criminalization of employers or other people who give employment or other assistance to illegal workers.