1. The American Revolution Thursday, September 4, 2014
Chapter 1: Section 2
The American Revolution
Thursday, September 4, 2014

2. What important ideas and major events led to the American Revolution?
Warm-up 9/4/14
What important ideas and major events led to the American Revolution?

3. Objectives Describe the European colonial presence in North America.
Trace the development of democratic ideals in Europe and America.
Identify the causes of the American Revolution.
Discuss the results of the American Revolution.

4. Why it Matters?
European nations explored and established colonies in the Americas.
England established 13 colonies along the mid- Atlantic and North America. These would later become the United States of America.

5. Terms and People
House of Burgesses − elected Virginia legislature, begun in Jamestown in 1619
Mayflower Compact − provided a framework for self-government at Plymouth in 1620
Magna Carta − 1215 document signed by King John that limited the power of the English monarch
English Bill of Rights − 1688 document signed by King William and Queen Mary that listed freedoms of Englishmen

6. Terms and People (continued)
Enlightenment − 18th century European intellectual movement; stated that all problems could be solved by human reasoning
Great Awakening − 1740s evangelical movement that led to the birth of new churches in the colonies
Thomas Jefferson − wrote the Declaration of Independence in 1776
George Washington − General of the Continental Army during the American Revolution 6

7. French traders traded for furs in Nova Scotia.
Spain, France, and England all established major colonies in the Americas.
Spain gained wealth from colonies established in Mexico and South and Central America.
French traders traded for furs in Nova Scotia. 7

8. In 1607, Jamestown was founded on Chesapeake Bay.
England established a string of colonies along the east coast of North America.
Despite Indian attacks, disease, and starvation, the colony grew, raising tobacco for export.
Planters established the House of Burgesses as an elected legislature.
In 1607, Jamestown was founded on Chesapeake Bay.

9. In 1620, Plymouth Colony was established in New England.
Early settlers were devout Puritans who hoped to create model moral communities.
Adult males signed the Mayflower Compact, a framework for self-government. 9

11. More Colonies to make 13…
Cluster #3: Middle Colonies (Between Maryland and New England)
New York (New Netherlands)
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Cluster #4: Southern Colonies
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia

12. The colonists brought democratic
ideals from England.
In 1215 the Magna Carta protected an English citizen’s right to a trial by jury.
In 1688 the English Bill of Rights listed freedoms the government promised to protect. 12

13. John Locke applied reason to government and politics.
During the 1700s the philosophy of the Enlightenment circulated in the colonies.
Enlightenment philosophers believed all problems could be solved by reasoning. 13

14. This led to greater tolerance of religious differences.
In the 1740s, the Great Awakening, an evangelical movement, began a religious revival in the colonies.
This led to greater tolerance of religious differences. 14

15. No More King!

16. In 1754, the French and Indian War erupted in North America.
Between 1689 and 1763, Britain and France fought a series of wars in Europe.
In 1754, the French and Indian War erupted in North America.
Victory in gave Canada and new western land to Britain. 16

17. The British victory was very expensive. Parliament imposed new taxes.
American colonists protested “taxation without representation.”
In 1774, the First Continental Congress met and appealed to Parliament without success.

18. Lead up to Revolution… 1764 - Sugar Act 1764 - Currency Act
This act raised revenue by increasing duties on sugar imported from the West Indies.
Currency Act
Parliament argued that colonial currency had caused a devaluation harmful to British trade. They banned American assemblies from issuing paper bills or bills of credit.
Quartering Act
Britain ordered that colonists were to house and feed British soldiers if necessary.
Stamp Act
Required tax stamps on many items and documents including playing cards, newspapers, and marriage licenses. Prime Minister George Grenville stated that this direct tax was intended for the colonies to pay for defense.

19. 1767 - Townshend Acts 1770 - Boston Massacre 1773 - Tea Act
Taxes were imposed to help make the colonial officials independent of the colonists and included duties on glass, paper, and tea. Smugglers increased their activities to avoid the tax leading to more troops in Boston.
Boston Massacre
The colonists and British soldiers openly clashed in Boston. This event was used as an example of British cruelty despite questions about how it actually occurred.
Tea Act
To assist the failing British East India Company, the Company was given a monopoly to trade tea in America.
Boston Tea Party
A group of colonists disguised as Indians dumped tea overboard from three ships in Boston Harbor.
Intolerable Acts
These were passed in response to the Boston Tea Party and placed restrictions on the colonists including outlawing town meetings and the closing of Boston Harbor.

20. The American Revolution began in 1775.
Fighting started when British troops marched to seize ammunition and arms in Concord, Massachusetts.
A colonial army was formed and George Washington was put in command by the Continental Congress. 20

21. American Revolution & Declaration of Independence

22. In July 1776, Congress adopted a Declaration of Independence.
Drafted by Thomas Jefferson, the declaration expressed John Locke’s Enlightenment views on “natural rights.”
It stated that people have “certain unalienable rights” including “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.…” 22

23. The Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783.
The Americans won the war after trapping a British army in Yorktown, Virginia.
The Americans benefited from the leadership of George Washington and assistance from France.
The Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783. 23

24. Section 2 Assessment on page 14 #1-6
*Section 2 Assessment on page 14 #1-6 *You need to have your textbooks or proof of purchase! * Study for a quiz on sections 1 & 2 on Monday

25. Which democratic ideas were expressed by the Enlightenment thinkers?
Ticket out the Door
Which democratic ideas were expressed by the Enlightenment thinkers?