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The Nature of Forces Chapter 11
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Force A force is a push or pull A force gives energy to an object sometimes causing it to start moving, stop moving, or change directions. Force is measured in Newtons (N)
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Combining Forces If forces go in the same direction - add together 10 N + 10 N = 20 N to the right If forces go in opposite directions - subtract 10 N 15 N = 5 N to the left
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Friction Friction is a force that opposes motion Causes a moving object to slow down and eventually stop Lubricant - reduces friction Examples: oil, wax, water, wheels, axles
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Friction
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Newton’s 1st Law of Motion 1st Law states that objects in motion stay in motion and objects at rest will stay at rest Inertia - objects have a tendency to remain in motion or stay at rest
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Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion The 2nd Law demonstrates how mass, force and acceleration are related Force = mass x acceleration
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Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion The 3rd Law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction All forces come in pairs
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Newton’s Laws of Motion
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Gravity Gravity is a force of attraction between two objects The larger objects “pulls” smaller object towards them All objects on Earth are pulled toward the core
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Falling Objects All objects near the Earth’s surface fall at a rate of 9.8 m/sec/sec Air resistance - opposes downward motion of objects Objects with greater surface area have greater resistance
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Falling Objects
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