1. Freedom of Speech -Congress shall make no law…abridging the freedom of speech -Regardless of content (usually) -Freedom of expression freedom to express one’s self -Limitations -Slander-- Legal term for publicly telling a false and damaging statement about someone -Clear and Present Danger-- Idea that one’s speech is not free if that speech could endanger the lives of people around them

2. Freedom of Religion -Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof -Establishment Clause-- Statement in the 1st Amendment that forbids the gov’t from proclaiming an official religion -Separation of Church and State-- Famous phrase from a letter by Thomas Jefferson that discusses his belief in the role between the government and religion Minersville VS. Gobit’s = Students cannot be forced to salute the flag if it violates their religious beliefs

3. Freedom of the Press -Congress shall make no law…abridging the freedom… of the press -Limitations -Libel-- Legal term for the false and damaging printing of a statement about a person “Printed Libel” -National Security -Juveniles

4. Freedom to Assemble -Congress shall make no law…abridging the right of the people peaceably to assemble -must be peaceful Cannot provoke Riots -permits may be required

5. Freedom to Petition -Congress shall make no law…abridging the right of the people … to petition the government for a redress of grievances -government is not required to respond or take action -simply a request

6. Right to Bear Arms People have a right to WEAPONS! -A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed. Gun Violence= a huge problem -gun control laws? -automatic weapons ban? -firearm registrations? You must register for a gun

7. Right to Bear Arms -A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed. -gun control laws? -automatic weapons ban? -firearm registrations?

8. 4 th Amendment -The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated… -probable cause -search warrants -”Patriot Act” Oct. 26, 2001 -modern technology’s ability “big brother” = Surveillance Powers -abortion issues  Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism

9. Cruel and Unusual Punishment -8 th Amendment -…nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted -legality of the death penalty State’s Rights -juveniles and death penalty Roper vs. Simmons March 2005- US. Supreme Court- Outlawed Death Penalty for Juveniles

10. Equal Protection of the Law & Due Process -14 th Amendment -nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law, nor deny to any person… the equal protection of the laws. -disabled persons rights? -illegal aliens?