1. Introduction Paragraph
ELD Benchmark
Introduction Paragraph

2. Goals of Introduction Grab the reader’s attention Bridge
Present sub-topics; forecast
Present thesis; argument
Grab Reader’s Attention- Look at your data cards to find information that gives general information about your country..something that is interesting and will make reader (me) want to read your essay
Bridge- This is you telling me why the Hook(previous information) means and why it matters
Forecast - Use your Outline and create sentences like we practiced together last Monday. You can ask Solange or Abraham for help..just to get started
Thesis- Copy what you wrote on your Outline

3. Step #1 The Hook Begin with a quote, A statistic, A brief anecdote,
Opposing view,
An analogy,
Relevant questions (not “Have you ever…”)

4. Step #2 The Bridge Connect hook to forecast Meaning for hook
Why you chose it

5. Step #3 Forecast
Preview subtopics
Brief details
Body paragraphs

6. Step #4 Thesis Thesis One sentence End of paragraph Constant referral
Restate often

7. Introduction Example

8. Introduction part 1 Hook Statistic (about topic)
“Only 10 of 2,000 qualified applicants are accepted into the fire academy each year”
Quote (related to topic)
Harry S. Truman once said, “I am the President of the most powerful nation in the world. I take orders from nobody, except photographers.”

9. Hook- continued
Anecdote (story about someone who works in your topic area)
“a day in the life”
Put reader in that person’s shoes
“Each day, Susan gets up at 5:00 a.m. After she jogs, feeds the dogs, showers and prepares breakfast, she does the most important thing of the day– she drives to her job at Sunrise Nursing Home. Here, she will be greeted by the people who rely on her for their daily exercise, activity and conversation. . .”

10. Introductions part 2 Transition (bridge)
“Bridges” or connects the hook to the thesis
Explains or follows-up the hook
Explains importance of statistic
Explains meaning of quote
Explains significance of anecdote
(stat) Only 10 of 2,000 qualified applicants are accepted into the fire academy each year.
(transition) Firefighting is a highly coveted position and honorable field; it takes a person who is both physically and mentally strong to survive in this field.

11. Transition part 2
State the issue or topic
make a statement about its importance or impact on society
(stat) Only 10 of 2,000 qualified applicants are accepted into the fire academy each year.
(transition) Firefighting is a highly coveted position and honorable field; it takes a person who is both physically and mentally strong to survive in this field.
(transition 2) Each day, firefighters put their lives on the line for people in need. They rush into burning buildings while others rush out, and we depend on them to be there in our greatest time of need.

12. Introduction part 3 Thesis Done for you already! Look at your outline
(stat) Only 10 of 2,000 qualified applicants are accepted into the fire academy each year.
(transition) Firefighting is a highly coveted position and honorable field; it takes a person who is both physically and mentally strong to survive in this field.
(transition 2) Each day, firefighters put their lives on the line for people in need. They rush into burning buildings while others rush out, and we depend on them to be there in our greatest time of need.
(thesis)The career of a firefighter is a rewarding and demanding profession that requires many hours of education and certification.

13. The Senior Project
Body Paragraphs

14. Goals of Body Paragraphs
Introduce a subtopic
Present supporting details
Analyze details
Refer to thesis
Transition to next subtopic
1. Subtopic- Each capital letter will become a topic sentence. Create a sentence with some of the wording from your letter to create a complete sentence that tells me what that paragraph will be about
2. Supporting detail- add the data card that will help prove or support your topic sentence
3. Analyze details – For this you tell me why the data (direct quote, paraphrase, or summary) MEANS and why It MATTERS. How does it help support you topic sentence
If you have another data card related to the same letter. Repeat steps 2 and 3

15. Goal #1 Introduce subtopic
Topic sentence
Subject of paragraph
Possible transition from previous paragraph

16. Goal #2 Present Details Lead-in and set-up data
Write author/title in sentence
Use data cards
Paraphrase
Summary
Direct quote
Citations

17. Goal #3 Analyze details and refer back to thesis
Commentary or analysis
Connects detail (quotes/data) to thesis
Educated opinion

18. Goal #4 Transition/Conclusion
Repeat details and your analysis as needed
Transition to next paragraph
Or conclude paragraph

19. Sample Body Paragaph Format
Topic Sentence
Lead-in/Set-up then data (citation)
Student Analysis
Closing Sentence

20. Plug in Example

21. Conclusion Paragraphs
The Senior Project
Conclusion Paragraphs

22. Goals of Conclusion Paragraph
Paraphrase or restate thesis
Review or summarize main points
Make a final impression on reader

23. Goal # 1 Thesis Transition from previous paragraph
Do not use “In conclusion…”
Stress importance of thesis
Use different words

24. Goal # 2 Review Main Points
Summarize body paragraphs
Brief, a few sentences
Don’t repeat introduction

25. Goal # 3 Final Thoughts Echo the introduction (anecdote)
Challenge reader
Call to action
Look to the future
Pose questions

26. Plug in Example