2. China Ming Dynasty Zheng He 1405-1433

3. Animated Zheng He’s Ship http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sultan/media/expl_01q.html

5. European Motives Gold Glory God

6. Treaty of Tordesillas

8. Desire for new trade routes –Controlled by Muslims and Italians –Spices and luxury goods –High prices and profits

9. Portugal Prince Henry the Navigator –Conquers Ceuta –Desire to spread Christianity –Desire to find new lands –Died in debt

10. Bartolomeu Dias-1481 First to round Cape of Good Hope

11. New Technologies

12. Christopher Columbus 1492 Claimed San Salvador for Spain First voyage as explorer Future voyages as empire builder

14. Vasco da Gama- 1497 Reaches Calicut –Spices –Silks –Gems –Cargo worth 60 times cost –Direct route to India

15. Ferdinand Magellan 1519

16. Circumnavigate globe

17. James Cook 1769-1770

18. Samuel de Champlain 1608 Founded Quebec

20. Commercial Revolution A. Social and Economic Background 1. European Population Increases 1500-1700 82 million to 115 million 1500-1600 London 50,000-200,000 Increase in demand for goods leads to…

21. 2. Inflation a. population increase b. influx of precious metals from America by Spain Average of 5 tons of gold and 250 tons of silver per year during 16th century.

22. B. Growth of business and capitalism 1. Capital accumulated by merchants= new ventures for increased profit

23. 2. Changes in Commercial Organization a. Trading company – Joint-stock company chartered by the government and given a monopoly to trade and settle a given area. b. Stock Exchanges- First in Amsterdam 1611.

24. c. Banking Expanded d. Insurance developed. 1666 London Fire - Lloyd’s of London e. Monetary changes promissory notes coins

25. Mercantilism Became a national policy Definition: 1. G old & Silver = wealth of nation 2. Export more than it imports - difference paid in gold and silver 3. Nation increases exports by stimulating domestic industries with “bounties” - subsidies

26. 4. Tariffs 5. Colonies = raw materials and markets 6. Restrict colonial manufacturing to protect manufacturing in mother country 7. Forbid colonies to trade with outside nations

27. Effects on Pre-Columbian World A.Africa- slave trade B.European migration C.Columbian Exchange

32. European migration

36. Girl infected with smallpox

37. What plant and animal materials were part of the Colombian Exchange?