1. Cell Organelles and Organization

2. What to consider? Prokaryote- organisms that lack nuclei (bacteria) Eukaryote- organisms with a nuclei (plants and animals)

3. CELL WALL Location: outside perimeter Found in prokaryotes and plants Function: gives cells its shape and protection

4. Cell Membrane Location: Outside perimeter Also called Plasma Membrane Prokaryotes, Plants, & Animals Function: controls what enter and leaves the cell

5. Structure of Cell Membrane Selectively Permeable: pick and chose what is allowed to enter/exit

6. Nucleus Plants and Animals Function: Control center for metabolism and reproduction

7. Nucleolus Inside nucleus Plants and Animals Function: makes ribosomes

8. Nuclear Envelope: Surrounds the nucleus Plants and Animals Allows things to enter and exit nucleus

9. Chromatin/Chromosomes Inside nucleus Plants and Animals Function: DNA

11. Cytoplasm Location: Jelly-like substance in between cell membrane and nucleus Plants and Animals & Prokaryotes Function: metabolism

12. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Plants and Animals Function: highway of cell; moves material from one end to the next

13. Two Types: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): ribosomes attached Smooth ER: no ribosomes

14. Ribosomes Plants and Animals Function: makes proteins

15. Goligi Bodies or Complex Plants and Animals Looks like a flattened stack of pancakes Modify and transport proteins to parts of the cell

16. Lysosome Plants and Animals Garbage disposal; break down food or bacteria

17. Mitochondria Plants and Animals Powerhouse of cell Produces energy for the cell

18. Microtubules Eukaryotes (plants and animals) Gives cell shape

19. Microfilaments Eukaryotes (plants and animals) Involved with cell movement

20. Cilia and Flagella Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes (plants and animals) Function: Hair-like structures for movement

21. Cilia and Flagella Cilia Flagella

22. Vacuoles Plants: one large Animals: several small ones Function: digest food or remove excess water (similar to sponge)

23. Plastids Plants only Two types: 1. Leucoplasts: starch storage 2. Chromoplasts: pigments for color

24. Chloroplast Type of chromoplast Contains chlorophyll; site for photosynthesis Grana and stoma are part of chloroplast

25. Endosymbiosis Theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts were really once bacteria or prokaryotes

26. Centrioles Inside cells Eukaryotes (plants and animals) Function: cellular division

27. Organization of Cells in Living Things:

28. Unicellular Organisms Example: bacteria, fungi, algae Able to carry on all life processes Usually colonial organisms

29. Multicellular Organisms Cells---Tissues---Organ--- Organ Systems

30. Tissue Group of cells that are similar and perform same function Types: epithelial (skin), connective (bone), and muscle to name a few

31. Organ Group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function EX: Stomach, Liver

32. Organ System Group of organs that work together to perform a function EX: digestive system

33. Critical Thinking Question Why do you think the cells of all multicellular organisms are specialized?