1. How to Hold it Together Ionic Bonds Ch. 5, Sec. 2

2. Ionic Bonds / formed by a complete TRANSFER of electrons (electrons are lost by one atom and gained by another).

3. Ionic Bonds  When an atom gains or loses one or more electrons, the charged particle that results is called an ion. A known fact is that oppositely charged particles are attracted to each other. This strong force of attraction is what keeps the atoms stuck together as a compound.

4. Example 1: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Na Cl

5. Example 1: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Na Cl p+ = 11 n = 12 p+ = 17 n = 18

6. Example 1: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Na Cl p+ = 11 n = 12 p+ = 17 n = 18

7. Example 1: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Na Cl p+ = 11 n = 12 p+ = 17 n = 18 2e- 8e- 8e- 2e-

8. Example 1: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Na Cl p+ = 11 n = 12 p+ = 17 n = 18 2e- 8e- 8e- 2e-

9. Example 1: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Na Cl p+ = 11 n = 12 p+ = 17 n = 18 2e- 8e- 8e- 2e- 1+ 1-

10. Example 2: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Ca O

11. Example 2: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Ca O p+ = 20 n = 20 p+ = 8 n = 8

12. Example 2: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Ca O p+ = 20 n = 20 p+ = 8 n = 8

13. Example 2: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Ca O p+ = 20 n = 20 p+ = 8 n = 8 2e- 2e- 8e- 8e-

14. Example 2: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Ca O p+ = 20 n = 20 p+ = 8 n = 8 2e- 2e- 8e- 8e-

15. Example 2: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Ca 2+ O 2- p+ = 20 n = 20 p+ = 8 n = 8 2e- 2e- 8e- 8e-

16. Example 3: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Cl MgCl

17. Example 3: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Cl MgCl p = 17 n = 18 p = 12 n = 12 p = 17 n = 18 2e- 8e- 8e- 2e-

18. Example 3: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Cl MgCl p = 17 n = 18 p = 12 n = 12 p = 17 n = 18 2e- 8e- 8e- 2e-

19. Example 3: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom. Cl 1- Mg 2+Cl 1- p = 17 n = 18 p = 12 n = 12 p = 17 n = 18 2e- 8e- 8e- 2e-

20. Properties of Ionic Compounds / Hard / Brittle / Solids / High melting points / Conducts electricity when dissolved in water / Hard / Brittle / Solids / High melting points / Conducts electricity when dissolved in water

22. Complete the chart for each element. Element# of Protons # of Electrons # of Valence Electrons Oxidation Number Sodium Chlorine Beryllium Fluorine Lithium Oxygen Phosphorus

23. Complete the chart for each element.

24. Follow your teacher ’ s directions to complete each ionic bond. (1) Potassium + Fluorine (2) Magnesium + Iodine (3) Sodium + Oxygen (4) Sodium + Chlorine (5) Calcium + Chlorine (6) Aluminum + Chlorine (1) Potassium + Fluorine (2) Magnesium + Iodine (3) Sodium + Oxygen (4) Sodium + Chlorine (5) Calcium + Chlorine (6) Aluminum + Chlorine

25. Potassium + Fluorine

26. KF

27. Magnesium + Iodine

28. MgI 2

29. Sodium + Oxygen

30. Na 2 O

31. Sodium + Chlorine

32. NaCl

33. Calcium + Chlorine

34. CaCl 2

35. Aluminum + Chlorine

36. AlCl 3