1.   What empire did Akbar the Great rule over?  A. Ottoman Empire  B. Celts  C. Byzantine Empire  D. Mughal Empire

2.   A. Shah Jahan  B. Mehmet II  C. Orkhan I  D. Suleiman the Magnificent What leader of the Ottoman empire conquered Constantinople?

3.   He killed his family to obtain his power. How did Selim the Grim obtain his name “the Grim”?

4.   Europeans Claim Muslim Lands:  - Ottoman Empire loses land  - Europeans gain territory  - Egypt initiates reforms  - Persia Pressured to Change  Class Activity  Britain in India  Peer review  Video Agenda/Objectives

5. European nations expand their empires by seizing territories from Muslim states.

6.  Why would empires want a piece of the Ottoman territory?

7.   Reforms Fail  After Suleiman dies in 1566, empire starts to decline  Ottoman Empire falls behind Europe in technology  Selim III attempts to modernize army and is overthrown  Subject peoples in Greece and Serbia gain independence  European powers look for ways to take Ottoman lands Ottoman Empire Loses Power

8.   Geopolitics  Geopolitics—taking land for its strategic location or products  Access to sea trade routes focuses attention on Ottoman lands Europeans Grab Territory

9.   Russia and the Crimean War  Crimean War—Russia attacks Ottomans in 1853 to gain warm-water port  Russia loses, but Ottomans are shown to be weak; still lose land Europeans Grab Territory

10.   The Great Game  Great Game—war waged between Russia and Britain over India  Battles fought in Afghanistan until British withdrawal in 1881 Europeans Grab Territory

11.   Military and Economic Reforms  Muhammad Ali breaks away from Ottoman control and rules Egypt  Begins series of reforms in military and economy  Shifts Egyptian agriculture from food crops to cash crops Egypt Initiates Reforms

12.   The Suez Canal  Egypt builds Suez Canal—human-made waterway connects Red Sea to Mediterranean  Modernization efforts create huge debt  British oversee financial control of canal, occupy Egypt in 1882 Egypt Initiates Reforms

13.   The Exploitation of Persia  Russia wants access to Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean  Britain wants Persian oil and Afghanistan  Persia concedes to Western businesses  Battle over Tobacco  Persian ruler sells concession to Britain to export tobacco  Persians boycott tobacco, leads to riots  In 1907, Russia and Britain seize and divide Persia between them Persia Pressured to Change

14.   Get with a partner.  Imagine you are a European Nation.  What would be your reasons for taking over and colonizing an area.  How would you rule the people of that land?  Form a government for the new colony and a set of 5 laws. Class Activity

15.   When does the Ottoman Empire begin to decline?  What is Geopolitics?  What happened in the Crimean war?  What was the Great game? Closure