1. Greek Philosophers Lovers of Wisdom

2. Socrates Born in Athens 470 BC Fought in some wars for Athens Received big chunk of money after his father died Began to spend his time questioning aristocratic (rich) youth about common beliefs

3. Socratic Method Used questioning for every question Defined truths common to all men Defended the social order (state) Believed standards existed for truth and justice

4. Socrates End Parents didn’t like what he was “teaching” their students –students began to question to many things Convicted by the courts for “corrupting the youth” and sentenced to death

5. Could have escaped but felt it is the duty of all citizens to obey laws, even if they are unjust Drank poison and died among his friends!!!!

7. PLATO Born in Athens 428 BC Student of Socrates –Plato introduces the world to his teacher, Socrates

8. The Cave There is perfection but humans can’t understand or see it. Chained to a wall with a candle behind One escapes into “reality” Is it reality, would you believe Humankind is chained by its limitations

9. Plato and The Republic Discusses what is virtue, justice, wisdom, and courage Examines various forms of governments and finds their flaws, including democracy

10. The Republic – Main Ideas Most people are not intelligent enough to vote Educated class should rule Best government would feature PHILOSPHER KINGS –Educated and wise –Born into leadership

11. Was Plato correct about humankind?

12. Founded The Academy in Athens, 387 BC –School to educate the youth of Athens in philosophy –School lasted 900 years Roman mosaic of Plato’s Academy

13. Aristotle Born in Macedonia (above Greece) 384 BC Student of Plato Teacher to Alexander the Great Founded the Lyceum in Athens, 335 BC –school of philosophy which rivaled the Academy Sought to bring order to chaos

14. Bring Order to Chaos Studied several different areas –Biology –Astronomy –Government Tried to classify areas to bring structure

15. Politics Good Governments Rule for the common interest –Monarchy –Aristocracy –Polity Corrupt Governments Rule for their own interests –Tyranny –Oligarchy –Democracy (mob rule) * He collected and studied the constitutions of over 150 city states before writing the Politics. * Established a famous classification of six types of rule