1. The March to War

2. Qualities of Fascism Extreme loyalty to one’s country
Total obedience to the country’s leader
Harsh punishments for those who speak out against the govt.
“Glory” of the Country (state over the individual)

3. Fascism in Italy Benito Mussolini
Italy’s economy was weak=unemployment
People wanted a stronger leader that would take action
Used intimidation tactics (fasci di cambattimento or Blackshirts) w/ unemployed veterans

4. Fascism in Germany Adolf Hitler & The Nazi Party
German economy was weak
Skyrocketing unemployment
Nazi party came as a reaction to Germany’s treatment after WWI (Treaty of Versailles)

5. Fascism in Germany Promised to revive Germany’s economy
Promised to return lands Germany lost in WWI
Used rallies to inspire awe and allegiance
Paramilitary storm troopers or “Brownshirts” intimidate other parties

6. Impacts on Germany & Italy
Totalitarian dictator for a leader (Hitler) ‘der Führer’
Used ‘secret police’ to scare / enforce laws (Brownshirts)
Revived economy through re-militarization
Totalitarian dictator for a leader (Mussolini) ‘il Duce’
Used ‘secret police’ to scare / enforce laws (Blackshirts)
Revived economy through re-militarization

7. Nazi Germany’s Aggression
Wanted to “free” German inhabited areas and make them part of Germany again.
Hitler wanted more land for Germany (Lebensraum) in Poland, Ukraine and Soviet Union.

8. 1st Move = Germany takes the “Rhineland”
Rhineland was a De-Militarized Zone between Germany & France
Supposed to be a “buffer” between France & Germany
France’s reaction = Appeasement-giving in to an aggressive nation to keep peace

9. 2nd Move = Unite Germany & Austria
Hitler sends his armies into Austria and annexes as part of Germany
2nd & 1st Move = Violation of the Versailles Peace Treaty
Great Britain, France, USA busy w/ Depression

10. 3rd Move = Hitler Seizes the Sudetenland
3 million Germans in the Sudetenland (Northern Czechoslovakia)
Munich Conference = England / France give in to Hitler/Mussolini (Appeasement)!
“Third Reich” = Hitler’s German Empire
League of Nations?

11. Final Move = Hitler Invades Poland European Theater of WWII Begins 1939

12. Italy’s Aggression Invades Ethiopia in 1935 and Albania in 1939.
Teams up with Germany in 1937 to bomb civilians in Spanish Civil War (Fascist Franco)
League of Nations?

13. Japan’s Aggression Japan wanted Asian Empire (Asia for Asiatics)
“Militarists” take control of Japan (military govt.)
Japan’s needs:
Natural resources (Oil)
New markets (industrialized economy)
More land (rising population while US bans Asian immigration)

14. Asian Theater of WWII
Japan invades Manchuria (1931) = Natural Resources for Military
Invades China (1937) ‘Rape of Nanking’ (4 Months = 370,000+ Chinese Massacred and 20K+ raped)
League of Nations??