1. Nationalism

2. Nationalism
Nationalism - the desire for national independence, inspired people to unify into nations.
Let’s come up with some examples for American nationalism.

3. American Nationalism 9/11 and Pearl Harbor Unites
Our love of celebrities make us morons.
Nascar makes Americans Hairier!
Manifest Destiny got Americans to reach the Pacific.

4. Nationalism Unites Other Countries
The British
The Germans
The French
Love of the Monarchy
Highly Efficient Vehicles
Love of fine cuisine.
Sausage and Sauerkraut
Bad Teeth
Surrender!
More of an American Stereotype against the British.
Has anyone ever really seen a German restaurant?

5. Rise of Nationalism In Europe

6. Central Europe in 1800’s
Divided into numerous territories, kingdoms, and states.
People desired economic growth, saw America’s success and remembered Napoleon.
Wanted to form nation-states
Believed that one unified country could provide the best well being for all its’ citizens

7. Germany in the 1800’s
The German Confederation was divided into states, with the most powerful two being Austria and Prussia.
Austria and Prussia clashed with each other
(see map in text, pg. 331)
Prussia
Austria

8. Prussia Largest German state
Junkers were influential landowners with political power in Prussia
Appointed Otto Von Bismarck as their prime minister.

9. Otto Von Bismarck
Prussian Junker who wanted a strong government and army to get Germany united.
Believed in “realpolitik”
The right of state to pursue own advantage by any means (war, canceling treaties)
Went to war three times to obtain objectives

10. War Against Denmark Accomplished two things for Bismarck
Showed Europe Prussia’s might
Caused conflict with Austria

11. Franco-Prussian War Bismarck lured France into a war
Many Germanic people hated Prussians and the French, due to the war people aligned with the Prussians.
By defeating France, Bismarck was able to unite all of the German states under Prussian rule
The Kaiser (emperor) took charge; Bismarck became Chief Minister of united Germany

12. How Germany Became United
Bismarck flexed the muscle of the Prussian military (frightened other Germans)
Exiled Austria from alliances with other nations and German states
Got people to align with him by making Prussia the lesser of two evils.
Broke treaties

13. Germany Under Bismarck’s Reign
Pro’s:
Strong industry developed
Became a military power
Con’s:
Clashed with the Catholic church
Poor working conditions, low wages, job uncertainty increased.
Socialist ideas began to creep into Germany while Bismarck was anti-socialist
Bismarck wanted complete control of political affairs

14. Location of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1913
Austria-Hungary in 1800’s
Still in feudal system
Large peasant population
Nobility controlled all the land
Austrians and Hungarians had all of the power
Location of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1913

15. The People of Austria-Hungary
Made up of different groups of Slavic people
Czech, Croatian, Poles, Serbs, Slovaks, Ukrainian
Made up 3/5 of population
What problems probably came up?

16. Nationalism Elsewhere

17. Italy in 1815
Italy was divided into independent states that were mostly ruled by foreign countries.
Due to warfare and foreign rule, many people thought of themselves not as Italians, but as belonging to their region or city (ex: Venetians, Tuscans, etc.).
Secret Italian societies desired to form a unified Italy and attempted revolutions.
The revolutions were put down but the seeds were planted.

18. People in Russia
The Russian empire contained people from 60 different nationalities
There were 100 different languages spoken within the Russian empire
People in control didn’t like the minorities
Many Russians wanted to be more unified.

19. Tsars resisted pressure to reform by using repression and cracking down:
Secret police, arrests, executions
Strict censorship of liberal ideas
Exiling liberals
Insisting on the absolute power of the state (no sharing of power)
Persecuting non-Russia groups within empire

20. Unrest Within the Empire
Jews were singled out for persecution by the government. (pogroms-massacres of Jewish people)
Labor leaders, peasants, Jews and other national minorities, and the middle-class all wanted reforms to come along with the end of the autocracy.

21. Funny Pictures

23. What’s wrong with this picture?