1. Chapter 5 Compound & Complex Bases Morphology Lane 333

2. Recap Stems: are bases to which affixes with grammatical meanings (grammatical affixes) are attached Bases have internal structure

3. Compound lexemes Base may consist of two bases (both roots of which are free morphemes) in a head-dependency relation e.g: ‘houseplant’, ‘passwords’ This includes hyphenated compounds like ‘phone- booth)& Combination of two words with stress on first element (‘language expert’) Both function in the same way: -The houseplant looks close to death - The language expert looks close to death

4. Compound lexemes The two bases and their meanings are associated with each other In (‘milkman’, ‘dustman’, ‘postman’, doorman’), man means “male person practicing a trade or profession” - not all carry the meaning of delivery

5. Exercise 5.2 to what lexical categories do the two bases in the following words belong? What’s the meaning? matchboxhairbrush football stadium cat-basketbedroom flower vase

6. Exercise 5.3 what do the structures of the following compounds mean? death-defyingtown planningrocking chair show-stopperboyfriendchurchgoer

7. Complex lexemes Other multi-part bases are structured in more complicated ways Central element or root+ affixes (bound derivational or lexical), e.g. ‘sub-human’, ‘pack-age’, ‘de-select’, ‘confess-or’ Grammatical affixes must be added to the complete stem & not to the component parts; e.g. (‘confessors’ NOT *‘confessesors’)

8. Exercise 5.4 which of the following lexemes are compound & which are complex? postboxpre-warpro-lifeweekly stronglystomach-achetone-poem

9. Functions of affixes 1. It makes an A into a B (A & B are different lexical categories), e.g. the affix –less in ‘homeless’ changes the noun ‘home’ into an adjective ‘homeless’ 2. The B it makes has a particular sort of meaning (not having (an) X) where X is the root We have RECUURENCE: it’s not property to homeless alone (heartless, breathless, useless)

10. Exercise 5.5 what do the following make into what? inter--age -ly- mono -est -ant/-ent (treat as of the same) arch--er/-or (treat as of the same) -ous

11. Bound lexical morphemes Functions: signaling the lexical category of the word, e.g. (- er) OR carrying some kind of lexical meaning which is put together with that of what precedes or follows to build lexical meaning of the resultant word, e.g. (’mono’- means one)

12. Exercise 5.10 what are the jobs of the following affixes in English? Conserv-ATION paint-ER affor-ABLE Muisc-ALhumid-ITY HYPER-active