1. Genetics vocabulary

2. Lab 54 vocabulary 1. Genetics- the study of heredity.

3. 2. Characteristic: a feature or quality that helps to identify, tell apart, or describe a person or group of people. Example: eye color

4. 3. Trait- A different version of a characteristic Example: brown eyes

5. 4. Heredity: the passing of genetic traits from parents to offspring. Ex. Having one parent’s eye color

6. Lab 55 vocabulary 5. Inherited: traits that are passed from parents to children.

7. 6. offspring- the genetic product of another organism Lab 55 vocabulary

8. Lab 56 vocabulary 7. gene- the inherited bits of information that are passed directly from the parents’ cells to the child’s cells

9. Lab 57 vocabulary 8. Asexual Reproduction: creating offspring using genetic information from one parent.

10. 9. Sexual Reproduction: creating offspring using genetic information from two parents.

11. 10. Mutation: a random change in a gene that causes the offspring to have a different trait from its parent/s.

12. 11. Cloning: a form of artificial asexual reproduction

13. 12. Fertilization: the union of a sperm and egg cell to produce a new and different offspring.

14. Lab 58 13. hypothesis- an idea that is not proven but leads to further study or discussion

15. 14. model- something or someone that is a very good example of something

16. Lab 59 15. allele- one of two or more forms of a gene

17. 16. dominant- the form of a gene that masks the affect of the other when both are present.

18. 17. recessive- the form of a gene that is masked or not seen by the dominant allele.

19. 18. random- occurring with no pattern

20. 19. probability- the chance of something occuring.

21. Lab 60 20. Gregor Mendel- an Austrian monk who first studied traits passed from parents to offspring.

22. Lab 60 21. breeding – The mating of two individuals to produce offspring with a desired characteristic.

23. Lab 61 22. homozygous – Having two of the same alleles such as TT or tt – “pure”.

24. Lab 61 23. heterozygous – Having two different alleles such as Tt – “hybrid”.

25. Lab 63 24. Chromosome- an organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in cells.DNAproteincells

26. Lab 63 Genotype-the specific allele makeup of the individualallele Ex: HH, Hh, hh

27. Lab 63 Phenotype- is any observable characteristic or trait of an organism traitorganism What you see-blue eyes, brown hair…

28. 25. DNA- (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Located in a cell’s nucleus.