1. © OECD/IEA, 2007 The IEA and the Growing Need for more Energy Statistics Jean-Yves Garnier Sharon Burghgraeve Energy Statistics Division International Energy Agency ESDS International Annual Conference 2007 London, 3 December 2007

2. © OECD/IEA, 2007 A few Words on the IEA Member countries IEA OECD IEA OECD Autonomous Agency of the OECD Established in 1974 after 1 st Oil Crisis 28 Members Countries (vs. 30 for OECD) 3 Es: Energy security, Economy and Environment Autonomous Agency of the OECD Established in 1974 after 1 st Oil Crisis 28 Members Countries (vs. 30 for OECD) 3 Es: Energy security, Economy and Environment

3. © OECD/IEA, 2007 How IEA Statistics developed over time Data Diversity (gas, coal, electricity) Oil prices at $37/bl Emissions Rio Summit Kyoto Protocol Data Production Imports/Exports Stocks Data Consumption Transformation Establishment of the IEA Prices escalating Data End-Use Socio-Economic Production Efficiency 1 st Oil Crisis 2 nd Oil Crisis Dependency Price Security

4. © OECD/IEA, 2007 Five Annual Energy Questionnaires Other Annual: Energy Forecast and R&D Budget for IEA Monthly Questionnaires: Monthly Oil and Gas Statistics, Joint Oil Data Initiative Electricity production and trade Exceptional Questionnaires: Mainly in case of oil crisis, or ad-hoc activities (e.g.: Non-Energy Use Network) How OECD data are collected Quarterly Questionnaires: Prices and Taxes questionnaire

5. © OECD/IEA, 2007 Prepared in June-July National Administrations Sent at end July Work from August to September Sent back to the IEA before end of September Queries Checking the data is a long process

6. © OECD/IEA, 2007 Production Import Export International Marine Bunkers Stock Changes Domestic Supply International Marine Bunkers Stock Changes Domestic Supply Transfers Statistical Differences Transformation Sector (18 sub-sectors) Transformation Sector (18 sub-sectors) Energy Sector (16 sub-sectors) Energy Sector (16 sub-sectors) Distribution Losses Final Consumption Industry Sector (13 sub-sectors) Transport (7 sub-sectors) Other Sectors (4 sub-sectors) Non Energy Uses Electricity and Heat Outputs Electricity and Heat Outputs What flows are collected? TOTAL: 95 FLOWS

7. © OECD/IEA, 2007 What products are collected? Coal (17 products/categories) Coal (17 products/categories) Natural gas Natural gas Crude Oil and Petroleum products (25 products) Crude Oil and Petroleum products (25 products) Nuclear Energy Nuclear Energy Hydro Energy Hydro Energy Renewable Energy (19 products/categories) Renewable Energy (19 products/categories) Waste Energy (3 products/categories) Waste Energy (3 products/categories) Electricity Electricity Heat (7 categories) Heat (7 categories) TOTAL: over 75 products/categories TOTAL: over 75 products/categories

8. © OECD/IEA, 2007 Latin America (22 countries) Africa (26 countries) Former Soviet Union (15 countries) Middle East (13 countries) OECD (30 countries) Non OECD Europe (11 countries) Asia (17 countries) Data are collected, processed and published for over 130 countries How non-OECD data are collected

9. © OECD/IEA, 2007 How non-OECD data are collected (cont.) FAO UNEUROSTAT WORLD BANK OPEC OAPEC AFREPREN

10. © OECD/IEA, 2007 AugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprilMayJuneJulyAugSep Questionnaires Processing Databases Publications and CD-ROMS The annual IEA statistics cycle

11. © OECD/IEA, 2007 Books CDs Internet Free access to Administrations Free access to Administrations Subscription for others Subscription for others Pay-per-view also available Pay-per-view also available Most visited page on the IEA website How can users access IEA data

12. © OECD/IEA, 2007 Liberalisation of the market: From one company to hundreds Confidentiality (linked to liberalisation) More work passed to statistics offices: More companies to survey (liberalisation) Renewables (remote information) Energy efficiency indicators (including socio-economic data) Environment (estimation of GHG emissions, ….) Etc. Resources do not follow work load: Statistics still have a low profile, budget cuts Fast turnover in staff: lack of experience, continuity Fast turnover in staff Problems encountered in energy statistics

13. © OECD/IEA, 2007 The past situation in energy statistics offices 20s 40s 30s 50s Retirement age gaining experience passing experience

14. © OECD/IEA, 2007 20s The current situation efficiency environment modelling Temptation to move away from statistics is high Young statisticians only stay a few years Not enough time to have a full grasp of energy statistics No time to transmit their expertise Temptation to move away from statistics is high Young statisticians only stay a few years Not enough time to have a full grasp of energy statistics No time to transmit their expertise 40s 30s 50s Retirement age policy private sector

15. © OECD/IEA, 2007 How the IEA tackles these problems Facilitating the work of newcomers in statistics: Energy Statistics Manual User-friendly electronic questionnaires Training Raising the profile of energy statistics and the role of statisticians Ministerial meetings Governing Board Meetings Harmonisation and Cooperation

16. © OECD/IEA, 2007 A user-friendly manual to give necessary information to newcomers to understand/complete annual questionnaires Facilitating the work of newcomers in statistics

17. © OECD/IEA, 2007

19. The Manual is available in six languages SpanishRussianChinese EnglishFrenchGerman An Arabic version is under preparation

20. © OECD/IEA, 2007 Raising the profile of statistics and the role of statisticians No direct link between policy makers and statisticians Current situation

21. © OECD/IEA, 2007 Decision makers Need the right data immediately Allocation of resources Decision makers Need the right data immediately Allocation of resources Prime users of the data Advisors to policy makers Interface between policy makers and statisticians Lobby Comments on data Prime users of the data Advisors to policy makers Interface between policy makers and statisticians Lobby Comments on data The ones who do the work Should be fully involved in the whole process Statisticians need to understand why they collect the data Policy makers need to understand the problems faced by statisticians The ones who do the work Should be fully involved in the whole process Statisticians need to understand why they collect the data Policy makers need to understand the problems faced by statisticians In fact, the relationship between policy makers, analysts and statisticians should be more based on a 3-way street

22. © OECD/IEA, 2007 On 19 November 2005, an example of how the profile of statistics can be raised is the launch of the JODI Database by King Abdullah Raising the profile

23. © OECD/IEA, 2007 UN Secretaria de Energía Mexico Harmonisation and Cooperation Mexico is a member country of 4 major organisations 1995199619971998 APEC2653290330873134 IEA2741287230623109 OLADE272229693022 3070 OPEC2618285830223071 UN283429773166 Crude Oil Production for Mexico (in kbd) 3210 5% gap

24. © OECD/IEA, 2007 25 international/regional organisations Both data providers and users Harmonisation of definitions Common training sessions A joint website Strengthening Harmonisation and Cooperation 2 nd InterEnerStat Workshop 19-20 November 2007, IEA, Paris

25. © OECD/IEA, 2007 Objectives of the site Provide a wealth of information on energy statistics Definitions Methodology Units Reference documents Portal to databases Highlight differences and similarities in definitions Objectives of the site Provide a wealth of information on energy statistics Definitions Methodology Units Reference documents Portal to databases Highlight differences and similarities in definitions http://www.iea.org/interenerstat/

26. © OECD/IEA, 2007 An easy way to identify differences and similarities. A first step towards harmonisation. An easy way to identify differences and similarities. A first step towards harmonisation.

27. © OECD/IEA, 2007 The ultimate goal would be to have one questionnaire common to all countries and organisations WORLD BANK FAO UN EUROSTAT OPEC OAPEC ? Dream or reality?

28. © OECD/IEA, 2007 A few Words to Conclude Understanding the energy situation and markets is a necessity: Oil is the most traded commodity clear impact on global economy Surplus capacities are limited, dependency on fewer and fewer countries leads to major energy security issues More than 80% of CO 2 emissions come from fuel combustion Responding to the ever-growing need for more detailed, timely and reliable data has at least three dimensions: Horizontal: more products (e.g. biofuels) Vertical: more flows (e.g. end uses) Global: non-OECD consumption overtook OECD consumption in 2004 The IEA has embarked on several initiatives to respond to these needs both with OECD member countries as well as with key countries (China, India, Russia) and organisations It is our hope and wish to further improve coverage, timeliness and quality of the data we provide to our users all around the world Thank you