1. Chapter 2 Section 1 matter- anything that has mass and takes up space mass- the amount of matter in an object substance- matter with a definite and uniform composition -contains only one type of matter -substances have a chemical symbol or chemical formula -ex- sugar (all sugar is C 12 H 22 O 11 ) -all identical substances have identical physical properties

2. physical property- quality of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the composition ex- color, odor, solubility, hardness, density, melting and boiling points *can help identify a substance -Page 29 Table 2.1

3. States of Matter solid- matter with a definite shape and volume, particles are closely packed making it incompressible liquid- matter that flows, has a fixed volume, and takes the shape of its container, incompressible gas- matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container, easily compressible because particles are spaced very far apart *gases are gases at room temperature

4. vapor- gaseous substance that is liquid or solid at room temperature Types of Changes: physical change- alters a given material without changing its composition -described by words like cutting, grinding, bending -are reversible ex- carving wood, melting ice, stretching rubber band

5. chemical change- results in a change in chemical composition of a substance -change is not reversible -described by words like burn, rot, rust, explode ex- wood burning, iron left out in the rain Indications of a chemical change: 1)color change 2)odor change 3)gas/bubbles produced 4)heat absorbed or released 5)precipitate (solid) formed 6)light produced