1. Spirographs and Reversing There are 28 slides in this Presentation. When you’re ready to move on to the next slide, press “Enter” or click the left mouse button……

2. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that

3. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that straight lines across a circle, sooner

4. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that straight lines across a circle, sooner or later, caused

5. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that straight lines across a circle, sooner or later, caused a "curve"

6. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that straight lines across a circle, sooner or later, caused a "curve" to open up.

7. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that straight lines across a circle, sooner or later, caused a "curve" to open up. It struck me that cars

8. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that straight lines across a circle, sooner or later, caused a "curve" to open up. It struck me that cars can behave like this too……

9. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that straight lines across a circle, sooner or later, caused a "curve" to open up. It struck me that cars can behave like this too…… very easily …..

10. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that straight lines across a circle, sooner or later, caused a "curve" to open up. It struck me that cars can behave like this too…… very easily ….. and that much of the mystique about "reversing"

11. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that straight lines across a circle, sooner or later, caused a "curve" to open up. It struck me that cars can behave like this too…… very easily ….. and that much of the mystique about "reversing" can be therefore ….

12. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that straight lines across a circle, sooner or later, caused a "curve" to open up. It struck me that cars can behave like this too…… very easily ….. and that much of the mystique about "reversing" can be therefore …. got rid of!

13. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that straight lines across a circle, sooner or later, caused a "curve" to open up. It struck me that cars can behave like this too…… very easily ….. and that much of the mystique about "reversing" can be therefore …. got rid of! All you'd need to know

14. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that straight lines across a circle, sooner or later, caused a "curve" to open up. It struck me that cars can behave like this too…… very easily ….. and that much of the mystique about "reversing" can be therefore …. got rid of! All you'd need to know is the required amount of steering

15. Spirographs and Reversing I was always fascinated by the way that straight lines across a circle, sooner or later, caused a "curve" to open up. It struck me that cars can behave like this too…… very easily ….. and that much of the mystique about "reversing" can be therefore …. got rid of! All you'd need to know is the required amount of steering to set up those Vector lines.

16. Spirographs and Reversing S I M P L I C I T Y I T S E L F !

17. Spirographs and Reversing "Definitions" Point - of - Turn [Left Reverse Exercise] = the position of the car where the left rear tyre is at the last straight piece of kerb before the kerb-line " drifts off " round to the left.

18. Spirographs and Reversing "Definitions - Left Reverse" A "straight" wheel is where no steering has been applied. One could say that the "T-bar is straight"

19. Spirographs and Reversing "Definitions - Left Reverse" "Nine o’clock" steering for this manoeuvre is where the "T-bar" is at the 9 o’clock position : ¾ of a turn to the left from "straight" A "straight" wheel is where no steering has been applied. One could say that the "T-bar is straight"

20. Spirographs and Reversing "Definitions - Left Reverse" "Nine o’clock" steering for this manoeuvre is where the "T-bar" is at the 9 o’clock position : ¾ of a turn to the left from "straight" "Three o’clock" steering for this manoeuvre is where the "T-bar" is at the 3 o’clock position : ¼ of a turn to the left from "straight" A "straight" wheel is where no steering has been applied. One could say that the "T-bar is straight"

21. Spirographs and Reversing "Definitions - Left Reverse" There are ONLY three precise steering-wheel positions required for a left [or a right] reverse manoeuvre. Steering wheel "Straight" Steering wheel to "9 o’clock" Steering wheel to "3 o’clock" This makes "prompted" teaching an absolute doddle, and makes Gestalt Learning equally so! You know when you’re at the point of turn, and when you need to steer, by occasional glances in the left door-mirror. No bits of sticky-tape on side or rear windows! No bits of mini-steering correction here and there.

22. Spirographs and Reversing Reversing in a straight line from position 1 will never get the car round the corner! 1

23. Spirographs and Reversing Reversing in a straight line from position 1 will never get the car round the corner! At the point of turn [position 2], steer precisely ¾ of a turn to the left - 9 o’clock. 1212

24. Spirographs and Reversing Reversing in a straight line from position 1 will never get the car round the corner! At the point of turn [position 2], steer precisely ¾ of a turn to the left - 9 o’clock. This will cause the car to come too far towards the curb, so at position 3, take off precisely ½ turn of the steering-wheel - 3 o’clock.. 123123

25. Spirographs and Reversing Reversing in a straight line from position 1 will never get the car round the corner! At the point of turn [position 2], steer precisely ¾ of a turn to the left - 9 o’clock. This will cause the car to come too far towards the curb, so at position 3, take off precisely ½ turn of the steering-wheel - 3 o’clock. This will allow the car to "shave" past the corner curb nicely, but will then cause the car to veer away too far from the kerb. 123123 4

26. Spirographs and Reversing Reversing in a straight line from position 1 will never get the car round the corner! At the point of turn [position 2], steer precisely ¾ of a turn to the left - 9 o’clock. This will cause the car to come too far towards the curb, so at position 3, take off precisely ½ turn of the steering-wheel - 3 o’clock. This will allow the car to "shave" past the corner curb nicely, but will then cause the car to veer away too far from the kerb. So, …. steer back precisely ½ a turn to the left. This will cause the car to "kick back" towards the kerb-line [position 5] - 9 o’clock. 123123 5 4

27. Spirographs and Reversing Reversing in a straight line from position 1 will never get the car round the corner! At the point of turn [position 2], steer precisely ¾ of a turn to the left - 9 o’clock. This will cause the car to come too far towards the curb, so at position 3, take off precisely ½ turn of the steering-wheel - 3 o’clock. This will allow the car to "shave" past the corner curb nicely, but will then cause the car to veer away too far from the kerb. So, …. steer back precisely ½ a turn to the left. This will cause the car to "kick back" towards the kerb-line [position 5] - 9 o’clock. When the side of the car comes parallel with the kerb [position 6] whisk off the left steering to leave the wheels straight – job done! 123123 6 5 4

28. Spirographs and Reversing Addendum for "Right Reverse" Lower the driver’s-side window Initially, stick your head out to judge where the point of turn is. When you think you’re there, stick your head out again, and then - as the ‘rules for safe driving’ say : As you steer right, look out right. In other words, stick your head out as you reverse right so as to judge the 3 o’clock / 9 o’clock steering needs, taking occasional all-round checks.