1. Roman Catholic religion DOES NOT ALLOW priests to marry.
AS SOON AS YOU WALK IN THE DOOR… -Sit down -Take out a piece of paper and something to write with -Copy down the following sentences
THE SCHISM OF 1054 in the Christian Church was due to the use of icons, the authority of the Pope over the Patriarch of Constantinople, and political competition between eastern and western emperors.
The Eastern Orthodox Church used GREEK and LOCAL LANGUAGES for worship.
Kievan Russia adopted the Eastern Orthodox religion, the Cyrillic alphabet, and different styles of art and architecture through their contact with MISSIONARIES FROM THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE.
Roman Catholic religion DOES NOT ALLOW priests to marry.
Empress Theodora is most known for improving the conditions of women, meeting with foreign leaders and is the most famous woman from the Byzantine Empire.
Byzantine heritage was made up of blended Christian beliefs and Greek culture, extended Roman engineering achievements, preserved Roman and Greek writings, and preserved and adapted Roman laws.
The Mongols’ superior military tactics contributed most to the success of their vast empire.

2. Take out a piece of paper to be ready for notes on AFRICA.
Good day to you!
Take out a piece of paper to be ready for notes on AFRICA.
I will be passing back your Western African Kingdom’s Chart (these were graded) also so you may use that to add to as well…some of you don’t have a lot of room so you WILL NEED that extra piece of paper.
Do this NOW…if I have to wait for 10 minutes after the bell rings for people to get ready, I WILL NOT BE HAPPYYYYYYY!!!!!!!!

3. AFRICAN CIVILIZATIONS 1500 b.c.e. – a.d. 700

4. Bantu Why do people relocate/migrate to different areas?
Define Migration
Where did the First Bantu Migration depart from?
In what cardinal direction was the Bantu people moving (most of the time)?
The Third Bantu Migration split into what two cardinal directions?
Why do you think the Bantu people continued to migrate?

5. Bantu Migrated from North/Western Africa to Southeastern Africa.
Moved because of lack of resources
People living on the southeast coast of Africa today speak Swahili (mixture of Bantu languages).

6. ENVIRONMENTAL
ECONOMIC
POLITICAL

7. 5,000 MILES
4,600 MILES
LARGEST
1/5

9. Agriculture Gatherer/Hunter
10,000 B.C.E. people in Africa begin to farm.
Climate change caused farming to occur in different areas of the continent.
Grasslands = good soil
More food = higher population and life expectancy
Agriculture  Cultures/Groups start to develop
500 B.C.E. – 200 A.D. Nok Culture
Pottery and Iron
Animism & Griots

10. Importance of Geography
800 years!
CULTURAL
CROSSROAD
Importance of Geography

11. What can you determine about the importance of Aksum’s location to both its rise and decline?
Why didn’t Aksum expand into a large area?

13. Ghana (7th-13th century)

14. Ghana Natural Resources and Trade: GOLD and Salt
Ghana did not OWN gold OR salt…but they owned the trade routes…
Tax goods that were going through the empire
Government Actions
King kept close eye on trade
King imposed an import/export tax
King imposed a production tax on gold (what does this mean?)
Conquered smaller kingdoms and they could stay independent by giving gifts 
Nobility converted to Islam

15. Ghana Extra Information Gold and Salt were collected as taxes
Only the king could own nuggets of gold

16. Mali (13th-14th century)

17. Mali Government Actions Important People Sundiata Mansa Musa
Natural Resources and Trade
GOLD
Monopoly on trade routes (what does this mean?)
Good agriculture: settled along flood plain of Niger River
Government Actions
Control ALL trade Heavy Islamic influence
Strong army Decline in the value of gold

18. Sundiata-1255 Mali’s first great leader Crushed an unpopular ruler
Took over Ghana
Prosperous time period
Efficient leader
Controlled finances, defense, and foreign affairs
Promoted agriculture while reestablishing the trade routes
Mali: “where the king lives”

19. Mansa Musa Mali endures a heavy Muslim influence 1312-1332
Preached the word of Mohammad
Skilled military leader as well
Royal control over gold/salt trade
100,000 man army
2x the size of Ghana
Divided, provinces, governors
Hajj to Mecca
Brought Islam back with him
Mosques, Timbuktu, universities

20. Mali
Extra Information
Timbuktu
Ibn Battuta

21. Songhai (15th-16th century)

22. Songhai Important People Natural Resources and Trade
Sunni Ali
Askia Muhammad
Natural Resources and Trade
Agriculture
Gold/Salt
Government Actions
Military conquest
Very effective tax system
Lacked modern weapons (what do you think will be the result of this?)

23. Songhai Extra Information Largest empire in west Africa
Both leaders were Muslim

24. Important Individuals Sundiata Mansa Musa Sunni Ali Askia Muhammad
GHANA
MALI
SONGHAI
Time Period
7th–13th century
13th and 14th century
15th and 16th century
Important Individuals
Sundiata
Mansa Musa
Sunni Ali
Askia Muhammad
Natural Resources and Trade
GOLD & Salt
Tax goods that were going through
GOLD
Monopoly on trade routes.
Agriculture: GOOD Rich interior flood plain on Niger River
Agriculture
Gold/Salt
Government Actions
Close eye on trade by king: Collectors kept a close eye.
King imposed an import-export tax on traders & a production tax on gold. Conquered lesser states; gifts could keep them independent. King was very powerful.
Nobility would convert to Islam.
Control ALL trade
Heavy control over government (finances and foreign disputes) Heavy Islamic influence
Army
Division of Empire
Decline in the value of gold.
Military conquest
Efficient Tax System
Organized with cabinets (agriculture, treasury, army)
Lacked modern weapons  Downfall.
Extra Information
Gold and Salt were collected as taxes.
Only the king could own nuggets.
First great Sahelian empire
Timbuktu
Ibn Battuta
Largest empire in West Africa
Both leaders were Muslim.

26. Religious Syncretism What happens when you “sync” your IPhone or IPod?
As the ideas of Islam and Christianity were introduced they blended with traditional animistic beliefs
How were Islam and Christianity brought to parts of Africa?