2. Review Finding the Subject AND VERBS!!! Wheeeee!

3. Verbs tell what happened and when (time) Test the sentence by adding Today, Yesterday, or tomorrow. – Today she dances. – Yesterday she danced. – Tomorrow she will dance. How to Find the Verb pg 47

4. Tells what the subject is doing and when the action occurs. – Examples: Arrive, leave, learn, write, open, write, teach (pg 48) – The woman studied ballet. Action Verbs

5. Action Verbs (AV) express physical or mental action. pg47 dreaming running dance studied thinking vote

6. The batter is hitting the game winning homerun. The batter thinks about winning the game.

7. Links the subject of a sentence to one or more words that describe or identify the subject. – Examples: (see pg 49) Act, appear, become, feel, get, grow, look, remain, seems, smells, sounds, tastes, turns Be (am, is, are, was, were, has been, have been) – She seems distracted Linking Verbs

8. A linking verb (LV) is a verb that expresses a state of being. A linking verb connects, or links, the subject to a word or word group that identifies or describes the subject. Pg 48

9. amhas beenmay be ishave beencan be arehad beenshould be waswill bemight be werewould have been

10. Most of the other linking verbs are related to your five senses sound appear, become, seem, look smell taste touch, feel, remain

11. The music sounds loud. The man seems irritated. The flower smells fragrant. The apple tastes delicious. The Girl Scout feels sad because no plants are growing at Camp Green Lake.

12. The cookie smelled delicious! Caveman smelled the cookie. LV AV

13. Linking verbs link the cookie to a word in the predicate. When the cookie is the subject, it is not performing an action and is not able to smell, taste, touch. However... When the sentence is about someone eating, smelling, or tasting the cookie, there is action being performed. The verb is then an action verb.

14. I smelled the chocolate chip cookies baking in the kitchen. My little brother appeared at the kitchen window and stole a cookie. The cookie tasted gooey because it came straight from the oven. The cookie he ate appears to be underbaked. AV LV

15. Combines with a main verb to form a verb phrase. It always comes before the main verb and expresses a special meaning or a particular time. – Examples: (see pg 51) Can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will Being, been, am, is, was, are, were Has, have, had Does, do, did – He is sleeping – He might sleep – He should sleep. – He could have been sleeping. Helping Verbs

16. Pg 50 A helping verb helps the main verb express action or a state of being. A helping verb can help either an action verb or a linking verb! Santa Claus is helping himself to the cookies!

17. amisarewas weredodoesdid donehashavehad bebeenbeingshall willcouldshouldwould canmay

18. Santa is checking his list twice. I know that you are hoping that you are on the good list, but the list does appear to be pretty short this year. You might have been left off of the list! The letter that you wrote could have been lost in the mail. Christmas might be looking pretty grim for you.

19. A verb and all of its helpers is called a verb phrase. Clint’s plane is tumbling over the Virginia falls. Unfortunately things might have been different if the engine had not died. Always remember NOT is NOT a verb AV LV

20. Verb phrases are often interrupted by an adverb. The engine of the plane will usually start. Usually the engine of the plane will start. Will start is the verb phrase; the adverb does not change the facts!!!!

21. What is Subject-Verb Agreement? When the subject is a singular noun, the verb takes an –s [or –es] in the present tense – The baby sleeps. – The baby cries. When the subject is a plural noun the verb does NOT take an –s [or –es] in the present tense. – The babies sleep. – The babies cry.

22. When the subject is singular, the verb takes an –s (or –es) General rule: Either The subject OR The Verb Needs an -s (or –es)

23. Personal Pronouns Singular I sleep. You sleep. He sleeps She sleeps It sleeps. Plural We sleep. You sleep. They sleep.

24. Practice pg 60 1.The dog (bark, barks). 2.It (wake, wakes) up the neighborhood. 3.The neighbors (become, becomes) annoyed. 4.They deserve(s) a quiet Sunday morning. 5.I (throws, throw) an old slipper at the dog. barks. wakes up the neighborhood. become deserve a quiet Sunday morning. throw an old slipper at the dog.

25. 1.He (doesn’t, don’t) study in the library anymore. 2.We (was, were) hoping to find him there. 3.The library (doesn’t, don’t) close until 11 o’clock. 4.(Was, Were) you late tonight? 5.Irina (doesn’t, don’t) care if you stay until closing. Practice, pg 61

26. Making Subjects and Verbs Agree – Exercise 2 pg 62-63 1.Many companies today (tests, test) their workers for drugs. 2.To many people it (seems, seem) an invasion of privacy. 3.Employers (worries, worry) that bus and train drivers are using drugs on the job. 4.They (doesn’t, don’t) want the lives of their passengers at risk. Subject ____________ Subject __ Subject ____________ Subject _____

27. Making Subjects and Verbs Agree – Exercise 2 pg 62-63 5. Even operators of rides in amusement parks (undergoes, undergo) tests. 6. Professional athletes on a team (has, have) special problems because of unwelcome publicity. 7. Some factories (installs, install) hidden video cameras for surveillance. 8. The General Motors Company (hires, hire) undercover agents as workers. Subject ___________ Subject _________ Subject _________ Subject ____________________________

28. Making Subjects and Verbs Agree – Exercise 2 pg 62-63 9. In Kansas City, drug-sniffing dogs (was, were) used in a newspaper office. 10. (Has, Have) you ever taken a drug test? Subject _____ Subject ____

29. Subject: the “who” or “what the sentence is about Performs the action of the sentence

30. Subjects are not found in prepositional phrases. Subjects can be found after the verb in sentences that begin with there or here.

31. Exercise 4, pg 64 Cross out prepositional phrases, appositive phrases, and the words “here” and “There” Find the Subject Then choose the Verb 1. Here (is,are) a plan about time management.

32. Exercise 4, pg 64 Cross out prepositional phrases, appositive phrases, and the words “here” and “There” Find the Subject Then choose the Verb

33. Hidden Subject 2. Too much busywork in your day (prevents, prevent) efficiency Exercise 4, pg 64 Cross out prepositional phrases, appositive phrases, and the words “here” and “There” Find the Subject Then choose the Verb

34. 2. Too much busywork in your day (prevents, prevent) efficiency Exercise 4, pg 64 Cross out prepositional phrases, appositive phrases, and the words “here” and “There” Find the Subject Then choose the Verb

35. Hidden Subject 3. A period of time without interruption (is,are) crucial. Exercise 4, pg 64 Cross out prepositional phrases, appositive phrases, and the words “here” and “There” Find the Subject Then choose the Verb

36. 3. A period of time without interruption (is, are) crucial. Exercise 4, pg 64 Cross out prepositional phrases, appositive phrases, and the words “here” and “There” Find the Subject Then choose the Verb

37. 4. People usually (does, do) too many things at once. Exercise 4, pg 64 Cross out prepositional phrases, appositive phrases, and the words “here” and “There” Find the Subject Then choose the Verb

38. 4. People usually (does, do) too many things at once. Exercise 4, pg 64 Cross out prepositional phrases, appositive phrases, and the words “here” and “There” Find the Subject Then choose the Verb

39. Exercise 4, pg 64 5. Why (is, are) frequent breaks important? 6. Constant clutter on people’s desks (causes, cause) frustration. 7. Why (does, do) perfectionists have so much difficulty? 5. Why are frequent breaks important? 6. Constant clutter on people’s desks causes frustration. 7. Why do perfectionists have so much difficulty? Subject _______ Subject ______ Subject ______________

40. Exercise 4, pg 64 8. The habit of procrastination (is, are) another area of time management. 9. There (is, are) several other distracting activities, from watching television to playing video games. 10. Children in a family (needs, need) to help with chores. 8. The habit of procrastination is another area of time management. 10. Children in a family need to help with chores 9. There are several other distracting activities, from watching television to playing video games. Subject ______ Subject _________ Subject _________

41. Collective: A group of people or things. Is considered singular when acting as a unit unless the meaning is clearly plural

42. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb (pg 66) 1.The construction crew (is, are) being blamed for the accident. (again, acting as a unit)

43. 1.The construction crew (is, are) being blamed for the accident. (again, acting as a unit) Subject _____

44. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb (pg 66) 2. In this case, the union (accuses, accuse) the crew. (again, acting as a unit)

45. 2. In this case, the union (accuses, accuse) the crew. Subject _____

46. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb (pg 66) 3. A few days after the accident, the same group (files, file) charges. (acting as a unit).

47. 3. A few days after the accident, the same group (files, file) charges. (acting as a unit). _____ Subject

48. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb (pg 66) 4. The crew’s legal team (is, are) uncertain about their strategy. (acting as individuals)

49. 4. The crew’s legal team (is, are) uncertain about their strategy. (acting as individuals) Subject _____

50. Refer to an unspecified being, object or place (or beings, objects, places)

51. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb Exercise 9, pg 69 1. Nobody (know, knows) how many drugs are contained in plants that grow in the rainforest.

52. Subject _____

53. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb Exercise 9, pg 69 2. Some (argues, argue) that wonderful drugs could be derived from many plants.

54. Subject _____

55. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb Exercise 9, pg 69 3. Most of the pharmaceutical experts (remains, remain) skeptical.

56. 3. Most of the pharmaceutical experts (remains, remain) skeptical. Subject _____

57. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb (pg 65) 4. All of the research (is, are) expensive and often (proves, prove) fruitless.

58. Subject ___

59. The verb is usually plural when the subjects are connect by the word and.

60. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb Exercise 10, pg 70 1.Macaroni and cheese (is, are) my son’s favorite supper.

61. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb Exercise 10, pg 70 1.Macaroni and cheese (is, are) my son’s favorite supper. Subject functions as a unit. ___

62. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb Exercise 10, pg 70 2. This meal and others like it (has, have) too much fat.

63. Subject ___ Subject ___

64. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb Exercise 10, pg 70 3. My mother and father, on the other hand, often (enjoys, enjoy) a fruit salad for their main meal.

65. 3. My mother and father, on the other hand, often (enjoys, enjoy) a fruit salad for their main meal. Subject ___ Subject ___

66. When the subjects are connected with or, nor Either, neither, nor, not only/but also If both subjects are singular, verb singular If both subjects are plural, verb is plural If one is singular and one is plural, the verb agrees with the one closest.

67. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb Exercise 10, pg 70 4. For many of us, our shopping habits or cooking routine (needs, need) to be changed.

68. 4. For many of us, our shopping habits or cooking routine (needs, need) to be changed. Subject ___ Subject

69. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb Exercise 10, pg 70 5. Either a salad or a cooked vegetable with a sprinkling of cheese (is, are) a better choice than macaroni and cheese.

70. Subject ___ Subject ___

71. Find the Subject Then choose the Verb, Exercise 10 – pg 70 6. Adults and children (does, do) need to watch their diets.

72. Subject ___ Subject ___

73. Singular nouns that end in an –s (like economics, measles, diabetes, Kansas) OR nouns that are always plural (clothes, scissors, pants)

75. Making Subjects and Verbs Agree – Test 1 pg 72-73 Everybody (has, have) heard of injuries suffered by young athletes. 1.Many of these injuries (happens, happen) to football quarterbacks. 2.One of the most serious injuries (is, are) a concussion. 3.Many young people (thinks, think) nothing of a minor blow to the head. Subject ____________ Subject _______ Subject _____ Subject _____

76. Making Subjects and Verbs Agree – Exercise 2 pg 62-63 4. Now scientists (understands, understand) these injuries much better than before. 5. On impact, the arteries of the brain (is, are) constricted. 6. Some athletes unfortunately (suffers, suffer) a second concussion before healing from the first one. 7. Several minor concussions often (leads, lead) to permanent brain damage or even death. Subject ___________ Subject _________ Subject _________ Subject _____________

77. Making Subjects and Verbs Agree – Exercise 2 pg 62-63 8. Medical doctors all over the country (wants, want) stricter guidelines for athletes and concussions. 9. An athlete with one or more concussions (requires, require) a sufficient amount of rest. 10. Today, nobody in contact sports (takes, take) a head injury lightly. Subject ________ Subject _______ Subject _______

78. Tell Your Story, Write theirs 1) Find a Partner 2) Tell him/her a story 3) Take notes (separate papers) and listen carefully while they tell their own story 4) Write their story in 1 st person. 5) Introduce your partner 6) Share their story.