1. 1 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Instrumentation Progress Om Singh Instrumentation Group Leader ASAC Review – October, 14-15, 2010

2. 2 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Outline NSLS-II Diagnostics Overview Injector Instrumentation Update Storage Ring Instrumentation Update Summary

3. 3 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES NSLS-II Diagnostics Systems SystemsNSLS-II Vendor SRBTSLTBBoosterLinacGun RF BPM – Single Pass865* RF BPM – TBT & Stored Beam18037* ID RF BPM2 or 3 per ID Fill Pattern Monitor (WCM)32 Fill Pattern Monitor (FCT or SL)1221 Faraday Cup121 Beam Charge Monitor (ICT)22 Fluorescent / OTR Screen39966 Energy Slit11 Photon BPMs1 or 2 per ID Stored Beam monitor (DCCT)11 Tune Monitor11 Top-Off Monitor2 X-Ray Diagnostics (BM-A Source)1 X-Ray Diagnostics (3PW Source)1 VSLM Diagnostics (BM-B Source)11 Transverse Feedback (H & V)1+1 Beam Loss MonitorsTBD Beam Scrapers ( H & V)3+2 *NSLS-II provides BPM Electronics

4. 4 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Injector Diagnostics Systems Resolution Requirement Parameters/ Subsystems ConditionsVerticalHorizontal Injector single bunch single shot 0.05 nC charge300 μm rms 0.50 nC charge30 μm rms Injector multi bunch single shot (80-150 bunches;) 15 nC charge10 μm rms Linac rep rate = 10 Hz; Booster ramp rate = 1 Hz; Booster revolution frequency = 1.98 MHz; Storage ring revolution frequency = 378 kHz; Bunch spacing = ~ 2ns Bunch length = 15 – 30 ps ElementFunctionResolution Flag (OTR+YAG:Ce)Energy spread, beam size and position30/50 μm Fast current transformerFill pattern monitor ~1 pC Integrating current transformerBeam charge, injection efficiency~ 5 pC BPM (40 mm round)Beam position30 μm BPM (40×90 mm elliptical)Beam position30 μm Energy slitBeam energy spreadn/a Faraday cupBeam charge

5. 5 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Injector Diagnostics Status – LTB Transport Part 1 (Linac Commissioning) D. Padrazo B. Kosciuk I. Pinayev K. Vetter J. DellaPenna 6 FLAGS RF Buttons 15 mm Dia. 1 FCT & 1 ICT 1 Energy Slit 2 Faraday Cups 3 BPM electronics 2 Circular Chamber Flange Assembly 1 Elliptical Chamber Flange Assembly LTB - Part 1 Inside Linac Vault

6. 6 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Layout of Injection Straight Diagnostics Two OTR Flags to observe beam position and shape; Flag 1 after septum; and Flag 2 after the first turn Two BPMs (1&2) to observe circulating and bumped (12 mm) stored beam; One BPM (septum) to observe injected beam (25 mm) One BPM in the transfer line between DC and pulsed septa for measuring of position of injected beam Flag 1 Flag 2 BPM (Septum) BPM 1 BPM 2 TL BPM

7. 7 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Diagnostics Beamlines  Two X-ray synchrotron imaging beamlines with PH camera & CR lenses  1 st BM source point in Cell 22 – to measure emittance  3PW source point in Cell 22 – to measure energy spread  All optical components are inside tunnel  One Visible synchrotron imaging beamline  2 nd BM source point in Cell 30 – to measure temporal and spatial beam properties  Location (just downstream of injection straight) - ideal to assist injector tuning  A shed for experimental optical table located just outside ratchet wall  Design review held in July, 2010  Comment – “Proposed design for all beamlines is effective to meet all critical goals for both commissioning and long-term success of the facility”  Status  Final design of beam line components in last stage; followed with procurement for optical components

8. 8 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Mitigation of Resonance Modes in Multipole Chamber – RF Shields Resonance modes With no rf shield Blednykh; Ferreira Hseuh; Kosciuk Blednykh; Ferreira Hseuh; Kosciuk S6 upstream  shifts modes to > 800 MHz S2 S4 S6 500 MHz Flexible BeCu RF fingers with 50% of opening space S6 downstream  does not shift out of band but can optimize modes location S2 & S4  shifts modes to > 800 MHz

9. 9 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES BPM Rack Connections The spacing between the type-N bulkhead connectors is 1.50” x 1.75” which is adequate to make the connections manually. B.Kosciuk Bulkhead Type N Connectors RG223 Cables

10. 10 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES RF Cable Junction Box – SR Tunnel Passive RF Box – Pilot Tone Injection SiO2 cables – Button to RF Box LMR-240 – RF Box to Electronics Rack Vetter Kosciuk Passive RF Box with Diplexer, couplers, and Isolator Pursuing use of Stripline coupler in Junction Box in place of Diplexer approach to inject In-Band Cal Tone Carbon fiber stand

11. 11 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Multi Pole SR RF BPM - Optimization Multipole Chamber 16mm 25mm Optimized RF Button Mechanical thermal and vibration stability < 0.2 um Electronic thermal stability < 0.2 um Electronics AC stability < 0.2 um NSLS-II RF BPM (Prototype) RF spring – to mitigate HOM issues AFE DFE

12. 12 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Analysis of Heat Dissipation in the BPM Button For 2 mm thick molybdenum button only 14% of beam deposited energy is dissipated in the button 1 The diameter of the button was chosen to place trapped mode frequency off the RF harmonic and power dissipated in the button is a sum of contributions from the individual bunches For 300 mA beam with 15 ps r.m.s. bunch duration the loss factor is 5 mV/pC and power dissipated in the each button will be 31 mW For 500 mA beam with 30 ps r.m.s. bunch duration the loss factor is 0.6 mV/pC and power dissipated in the each button will be 10 mW 1 I. Pinayev and A. Blednykh, “Evaluation of Heat Dissipation in the BPM Buttons”, PAC’09 GDFIDL simulations, A. Blednykh ASAC October 09 review Comment - “Concerning the BPM buttons, the committee recommends that calculations of the high frequency RF power deposited in the button geometry should be performed using electromagnetic codes as GDFIDEL, to have an accurate estimate of the heating of the button.”

13. 13 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES RF BPM Electronics - Status  ASAC October 2009 review comment – Presented an in-house BPM development plan  From final report - “The committee recognizes that an alternative to the commercial electronics can be developed but will need time and resources to achieve similar or better performance. It is the opinion of the committee that the project probably has the time to develop a new system if highly skilled and motivated people embark immediately on the project.”  BPM Development Progress – in span of 12 months  Assembled a highly motivated team – July 2009  Developed BPM system architecture in multi-group collaboration environment to provide high BPM performance & optimized control interface – Oct, 2009  Started parallel effort to design AFE & DFE hardware and to develop DSP algorithms & control system communication interface – Dec 2009.  Built and tested 7 AFEs and 10 DFEs modules with 100% yield; Built and tested 7 BPM systems and 3 Cell controllers – May, 2010  Performed beam test at ALS, measuring TBT beam stability of 400 nm – July 2010  Held a BPM design review with favorable comments – August, 2010

14. 14 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES BPM Design Review Agenda – August, 2010 9:00 AMWelcome and ChargeE. Johnson 9:15 AMBPM requirements and statusO. Singh 9:40 AMBPM Architecture (Front-End, AFE, Signal Processing)K. Vetter 10:25 AMCoffee 10:40 AMDFE Architecture & FPGA Digital Signal ProcessingJ. Mead 11:25 AMBPM Test ResultsK. Vetter 12:10 PMLunch 12:55 PMControls Interface & Embedded ProcessingK. Ha 1:40 PMBPM Integration ArchitectureJ. Delong 2:25 PMManufacturability and ScheduleK. Vetter 3:10 PMCoffee 3:25 PMBPM Lab Tour - Stability Demo (902 lower level)O. Singh Glenn Decker (APS) - Chairdecker@aps.anl.gov Michael Chin (ALS)mjchin@lbl.gov Frank Lenkszus (APS)lenkszus@aps.anl.gov Bob Michnoff (BNL)michnoff@bnl.gov Jim Sebek (SPEAR3)sebek@slac.stanford.edu

15. 15 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES BPM Lab test - TbT Position Results Input Signal (PG = 36 dB) SNR ~ 55 dB ~400 nm resolution J. Mead

16. 16 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES ALS Beam Test “2-Cam Fill Pattern” Raw Beam on far end of cable 550MHz LPF followed by 10MHz Bessel 5 th - order BPF. This signal is split 4-ways and fed into NSLS-II RF BPM The rms noise on the TBT X and Y position = ~ 400nm

17. 17 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES BPM Electronics Design Review Comments “Develop the interfaces to the control system to support as-yet unspecified high level physics and orbit control applications” Broke down review comments into categories; in process of generating a working document for AP, Controls, Diagnostics groups. This working document will be integrated into an overall schedule. “The use of pilot tone to correct for channel-to-channel variation is as yet undemonstrated, but will need to be validated in order to meet long term drift requirement” In-band pilot tone is planned for injector BPM – simpler filter box design (no diplexer); B revfreq = 5 times SR revfreq makes DSP processing easier. Out of band pilot tone is planned for SR BPM; prototype system to be ready to test in 6-9 months

18. 18 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES BPM Electronics Design Review Comments - C ontinued “Need to address following issues as soon as possible” “Eliminate noise observed due to power supply” – Problem solved - Replaced linear regulator from Linear Technology device to a Micrel device. Also, added filters. “The glitch problem needs to be understood and remedied as soon as possible “ Early result indicates that by changing rf amplifier from Hittite to Analog Device mitigates the transient issue. Test data with 2 channels has been collected for 17 hours with no glitch. Further tests are underway. “The processing gain discrepancy, where the rms variation of signal readings is not reduced as the filter bandwidth is reduced, needs to be understood.” We are analyzing the problem by having to store and extract 1M turns of data that enables high resolution FFT’s to hunt down perturbations in the sub-hertz regime.

19. 19 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Schedule

20. 20 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Injector RF BPM Schedule BPM Receivers available at least 3 months prior to System Integration Start

21. 21 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Storage Ring RF BPM Schedule After 12-week lag for manufacturing startup, BPM’s are fed in groups of (8) units into NSLS-II System Integration. All BPM’s installed and tested including system integration 3 mo prior to start of commissioning

22. 22 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Remaining Development Schedule

23. 23 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES SUMMARY Diagnostics & Instrumentation systems are in final design or in procurement stage Injector diagnostics installation is on schedule for injection machine commissioning Diagnostics beamline design in advance stage; procurements to follow SR RF buttons in production; Injector RF buttons in 1 st article acceptance stage Tunnel work planning in progress for BPM RF junction boxes and cable layout Resonance modes solution – RF Shield Production units in hand; installation in progress. RF BPM Electronics  In-house design at advance stage – AFE & DFE spin 2 work in progress  1 st article – injector BPMs 3/1/2011  1 st article – SR BPMs 8/1/2011  Production schedule meets system integration and commissioning dates Installation, system integration and commissioning schedule have been optimized

24. 24 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Acknowledgment B. Bacha, A. Blednykh, A. Borrelli, P. Cameron, W. Cheng, L.B. Dalesio, J. De Long, P. Ilinski, A.J. Della Penna, L. Doom, M. Ferreira, G. Ganetis, W. Guo, H-C Hseuh, Y. Hu, E.D. Johnson, B.N. Kosciuk, S.L. Kramer, S. Krinsky, F. Lincoln, C. Longo, W. Louie, M. Maggipinto, J. Mead, A. Munoz, S. Orban, D. Padrazo, I. Pinayev, J. Ricciardelli, G. Shen, S. Sharma, J. Skaritka, C. Spataro, T. Tanabe, Y. Tian, K. Vetter, W. Wilds, F.J. Willeke, L-H Yu

25. 25 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Back up slides

26. 26 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES AFE Development Status (2/2010) Completed simulation of receiver Completed laboratory characterization of four ADC’s. Selected Linear Technology LTC2208 Completed laboratory characterization of BPM receiver (single channel) Laboratory results confirm compliance with Injector and SR operating requirements based on simulated signal estimates. Schematic 80% complete Anticipate board layout complete by end of February BPM Receiver RF Simulation Receiver Functional Receiver Diagram AT1 Bank AT2 Bank AFE Design meets BPM resolution requirement for both injector and storage ring. Maximum SNR achieved > 60 dB At nominal operating conditions, expected resolutions - Single pass resolution < 5 um Stored beam resolution < 100 nm Operational dynamic range of receiver > 100dB Nominal Operating Conditions (500mA)= -15dBm

27. 27 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES 29/06/200727 Types of measurement requirement – SR BPM TypeApplicationRateBWData flow Raw DataDiagnostics117 MHz10 MHzOn demand Turn-by-turn Tune measurement, betatron amplitude and phase 378 kHz169 kHzOn demand Slow Acquisition Slow orbit feedback, response matrix measurement 10 Hz2 HzOn demand Fast Acquisition Fast orbit feedback10 kHz2 kHzContinuous

28. 28 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Injector RF BPM Schedule

29. 29 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES 6 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 1 SR BPMs and Correctors Fast correctors (Qty=3) Fast response – 2 kHz Weak strength – 15 μrad Utilized for – Fast orbit feedback Slow correctors (Qty=6) Slow response – 2 Hz Strong strength – 800 μrad Utilized for – Alignment Slow orbit feedback BPMs 156 mm slow 100 mm slow 30 mm fast (air core) SC FC

30. 30 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES SR Diagnostics Hardware Locations (Proposed) BM - SLM 3PW PH/CRL BM PH/CRL Scrapers SRCell # X-Ray imaging (BM source)122 X-Ray imaging (3PW source)122 Visible Light Monitor (SLM)130 Fill Pattern Monitor (SL)13 Stored Beam monitor (DCCT)13 Tune Monitor (Striplines)114 Top-off Monitor214 Transverse Feedback (Striplines) 1 H & 1 V12 Beam Scrapers ( 3X & 2Y)530 & 1 Pingers220

31. 31 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Laser Head Reflective Target Mounted to Invar Vishy Kosciuk, Ravindranath, Bacha, Lincoln Setup #1 with Laser ±70nm ±35nm ±0.1°C ID RF BPM & Stand - Optimization