1. African Kingdoms: Songhay By: Joann Mullooly, Aldrin Mutia, Rachel Connor

2. Geography The territory of Songhay stretched across the west and east of the Niger valley in West Africa.

3. Rulers Sonni Ali was the first great king of the Songhai Empire He was a great military leader, who conquered the cities of Timbuktu and Jenne, the major cities of Mali. Mohammed Ture, seized power in 1493 and established the Askiya dynasty

4. Religion Some aspects of traditional religion were preserved including the sacred drum, sacred fire, and old types of costume and hairstyle. Contact with Muslims from the North led Songhay to accept Islam.

5. Economy Trade relations kept economic life alive. North and West Africans crossed the Sahara Desert to trade equal amounts of coveted goods such as gold, salt and slaves.

6. Achievements Songhay’s military forces consisted of a cavalry of expert horsemen, and fleets of canoes Islam was an important part of Songhay society. Trade was vital. Gold, salt, and slaves were most coveted.

7. What Forces Led to the Rise of Songhai ? The rise of Songhai was due to great rulers such as Sonni Ali and Mohammed Ture. In a favorable geographic location for trade. Great economy which was based on trade. Islamic religion provided faith for Songhai. Strong military which helped conquer cities.