1. Alliances Lesson Starter What do you think is meant by the term alliances? This picture may give you a clue…

2. Homework for Friday Two 8 mark questions – answer in detail, include relevant examples 1.Explain, in detail, the ways that people can participate in trade union activities. 2.Explain, in detail, the role of a trade union shop steward.

3. Alliances An alliance is when two or more countries join together to become richer or safer.

4. Alliances Why join an alliance? Basic Needs like food, clothing, shelter Employment

5. Alliances Why join an alliance? Basic Needs like food, clothing, shelter Employment Improved living standards

6. Alliances Why join an alliance? Basic Needs like food, clothing, shelter Employment Improved living standards Safer from attack Able to defend their own interests Able to protect their own people

7. Alliances Why join an alliance? Basic Needs like food, clothing, shelter Employment Improved living standards Safer from attack Able to defend their own interests Able to protect their own people ECONOMIC NEEDS SECURITY NEEDS

8. Alliances Countries can meet more needs collectively (as a group) in an alliance than they can do individually.

9. NATO is a military alliance The EU is an economic alliance The UN alliance has 2 main aims i. To bring peace between countries which are fighting and to keep peace once the fighting stops. ii. To encourage social and economic progress in developing countries.

10. The European Union

11. Quick Task: How many flags can you identify from this picture?

12. Belgium, France, Germany, Holland, Italy, Luxembourg, Denmark, Ireland, UK, Greece, Portugal, Spain, Austria, Finland, Sweden, Cyprus, Czech- Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Romania The European Union

13. http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips /why-does-the-european-union- exist/7266.html http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips /benefits-of-eu-membership-to- scotland/5632.html The European Union

14. The EU is a group of 27 European countries It was set up to try to help European countries to improve living standards and prevent conflict

15. The European Union The EU aims to: 1.Improve living standards 2.Create jobs 3.Increase trade 4.Help European countries be successful

16. Questions Answer the following questions in sentences: What is an alliance? Give an example of an alliance. Identify two of the reasons why countries form alliances.

17. The European Union Lesson Starter 1.How many countries make up the EU? 2.Why would countries want to be in an alliance?

18. Learning Intentions I will better understand why countries want to be in the EU I will better understand how Scotland benefits from being in the EU

19. Today’s tasks… Notes on why countries want to be in EU Past Paper practice – support and oppose.

20. Why countries want to join the EU SOCIAL REASONS Help for poorer areas Deprived areas of member countries get help from the Regional Development Fund to regenerate the area Money is available to help countries with things like education and training

21. Why countries want to join the EU SOCIAL REASONS Reducing Inequality European Social Fund provides help to member countries to reduce the gap between rich and poor areas of the EU

22. Why countries want to join the EU ECONOMIC REASONS Trade and Jobs There are no barriers to trade so member countries can buy and sell to a single market of about 450 million customers The EU supports full employment and aims to create millions of new jobs

23. Why countries want to join the EU ECONOMIC REASONS Agriculture and Food Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) gives farmers a decent standard of living in return for stable food supplies and prices

24. Why countries want to join the EU POLITICAL REASONS Security and Defence Rapid Reaction Force helps with humanitarian aid, rescue missions and peacekeeping in Europe It helps prevent conflicts between countries that are members of the same alliance.

25. Why countries want to join the EU POLITICAL REASONS Human Rights EU promotes the four freedoms of movement – goods, services, people and money – as well as equal rights and the rule of law

26. Lesson Starter 1.Why do countries want to be in the EU? Think of at least two reasons. How Scotland Benefits from EU membership

27. Poorer areas of Scotland get help from Regional Development Fund to regenerate – new jobs etc…

28. How Scotland Benefits from EU membership Poorer areas of Scotland get help from Regional Development Fund to regenerate – new jobs etc… Scotland can get money from the European Social Fund to spend on improving health, training people in new skills and giving them access to ICT

29. How Scotland Benefits from EU membership Poorer areas of Scotland get help from Regional Development Fund to regenerate – new jobs etc… Scotland can get money from the European Social Fund to spend on improving health, training people in new skills and giving them access to ICT Freedom of movement means people can work anywhere in Europe

30. How Scotland Benefits from EU membership Scottish agriculture and fisheries can sell produce all over Europe. Farmers get help to modernise through the Common Agricultural Policy Poorer areas of Scotland get help from Regional Development Fund to regenerate – new jobs etc… Scotland can get money from the European Social Fund to spend on improving health, training people in new skills and giving them access to ICT Freedom of movement means people can work anywhere in Europe

31. How Scotland Benefits from EU membership Scotland can trade with Europe – much bigger variety of goods in our shops at good prices Scottish agriculture and fisheries can sell produce all over Europe. Farmers get help to modernise through the Common Agricultural Policy Poorer areas of Scotland get help from Regional Development Fund to regenerate – new jobs etc… Scotland can get money from the European Social Fund to spend on improving health, training people in new skills and giving them access to ICT Freedom of movement means people can work anywhere in Europe

32. How Scotland Benefits from EU membership Scottish Businesses can sell in Europe. This gives them a bigger market. Will also employ more workers Scotland can trade with Europe – much bigger variety of goods in our shops at good prices Scottish agriculture and fisheries can sell produce all over Europe. Farmers get help to modernise through the Common Agricultural Policy Poorer areas of Scotland get help from Regional Development Fund to regenerate – new jobs etc… Scotland can get money from the European Social Fund to spend on improving health, training people in new skills and giving them access to ICT Freedom of movement means people can work anywhere in Europe

33. Advantages and Disadvantages of EU Advantages New markets to sell their products – For example, the UK’s biggest trading partner in the EU is Germany. British manufacturers and suppliers benefit hugely from trade with Germany Access to a cheaper workforce – For example, recent immigrants from EU member states such as Poland and Czech republic have boosted Britain’s economy Greater peace and security for Europe – For example, never been a war between two EU countries Access to EU funds and grants – For example, the Scotland gets funding from the ERDF (European Regional Development Fund) Improve standard of living - For example, one of the EU’s aims is urban regeneration and Glasgow has received millions of pounds to help poorer areas Businesses may set up factories in new member states – jobs etc… - For example, Philips, Dutch electrical products and BMW, German car manufacturers

34. Advantages and Disadvantages of EU Disadvantages Less chance of getting EU grants because other countries are poorer – For example, the UK pays a lot into to EU but doesn’t get as much back as other countries. In 2010, UK paid in €12.1billion and got back € 6.8 billion. Poland paid in €3.3 billion and got back €11.8 billion Influx of migrant workers which may lead to racial tension – For example, Bulgaria and Romania joined EU in 2007 and are new free to move to other EU countries like the UK. This has led to some racial tension. Threat of inexpensive competition from another member state – For example, the average salary in the UK is £26,500 but the average in Poland is £5,500. This means companies might set up in countries other than the UK as they can make higher profits.

36. KU Question Give four reasons to explain why some countries have recently joined the European Union. 8 marks Hints: Freedom of movement Regional Development Fund Etc…

37. KU Question Give two reasons to explain why some countries have recently joined the European Union. 8 marks Give two advantages and two disadvantages of being a member of the European Union. 4 marks

38. Should more countries be allowed to join the EU?