1. Classification

3. Taxonomy
The branch of biology that classifies organisms into taxa (taxon is singular)

4. The Seven Taxa Kingdom (most diverse) Phylum Class Order Family Genus
Species (least diverse)

5. If an organism is in the same family, then they are also in the same order, class, phylum, and kingdom.
For example, a bobcat, a house cat, and a lion are all in the same family (Felidae)

6. Comparing Dogs and Gorillas
Dog Gorilla
Kingdom Animalia Animalia
Phylum Chordata Chordata
Class Mammalia Mammalia
Order Carnivora Primates
Family Canidae Hominidae
Genus Canis Gorilla
Species familiaris gorilla

7. Red Panda Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Ailuridae
Genus: Ailurus
Species: A. fulgens

8. Naming Organisms
Organisms are named by their genus name followed by the species
Genus is ALWAYS capitalized and the species is ALWAYS lowercase.
Both names are italicized (or underlined if handwritten)
This system is called binomial nomenclature

9. When three scientific names are used to specify a subspecies, the system is called trinomial nomenclature
What is the scientific name for the red panda?

10. Who is more closely related?
The scientific name for a red maple tree is Acer rubrum
Quercus rubrum or Acer saccharum
Acer is the genus for maple trees
Quercus is the genus for oak trees

11. Who is the red panda closer related to?
Giant Panda or
Raccoon

12. 6 Kingdoms
Aristotle first classified organisms into 2 kingdoms: Plants and Animals
Microscopes changed the way we classify organisms and eventually they decided to go to a five kingdom system

13. Recent technology has shown that some bacteria have different gene sequences than any other organism on earth.
This led to the formation of a new kingdom: Archaebacteria
Most scientists use the 6 kingdom system

14. The Six Kingdoms
Archaebacteria- bacteria that live in extreme conditions
Eubacteria- (aka Monera) typical bacteria
Protista- algae, protozoa, slime molds
Fungi- molds, mushrooms, yeasts
Plantae- mosses, ferns, grasses, vegetable plants, trees
Animalia- sponges, jellyfish, worms, insects, fish, frogs, lizards, birds, kangaroos

15. Classification based on Evolutionary Relationships
Scientists look at more than just physical traits: fossil record and molecular data
The evolutionary history of a group of species is called phylogeny
Phylogenies are like family trees
The most common way to make evolutionary trees is cladistics (classification based on common ancestry)
A cladogram is an evolutionary tree

16. Methods of Transportation
wings
Passengers enclosed
motor
wheels