1. Chapter 7
India’s Empire

2. Homework: Read pages 234-237 and complete questions worksheet
Do Now: Open to a new blank page either in your notebooks or your iPad. Label it Material After Midterms: Chapter 7

3. Chandragupta Unites India
Most of what we know about Chandragupta’s life comes from ancient writings, stories, and legends
Some legends say he was born into Magadha’s royal family but left with poor farmers when he was young
Others say he was born into a Kshatriya family west of Magadha

4. Kautilya
As a young man, Chandragupta depended on the advice of an older, educated Brahmin named Kautilya.
Kautilya had been searching for a leader to drive Greek invders out of northwestern India.
Kautilya thought Chandragupta could be trained as a leader

5. Kautilya
Kautilya helped Chandragupta raise an army and develop a strategy to gain power.
A strategy is a long-term plan for achieving a goal
Their strategy was to take control of the northwest from the Greeks and then attack Magadha from the northwest

6. Training Kautilya trained his people
Chandragupta was a brilliant military leader
He armed his men with powerful weapons, including the enormous Indian bow which was as tall as a man

7. Success on the Battlefield
Chandragupta weakened Magadha by attacking its borders, then moved in to take its capital city.
Then conquered other kingdoms and forced the Greeks out of northwestern India
His empire stretched from the Bay of Bengal to present-day Afghanistan
Making it the first time one state controlled all of northern India

8. Ruling an Empire
Ruling became difficult for Chandragupta because it was large and included many different cultures
Chandragupta divided his empire into 4 regions
Then subdivided the regions into smaller provinces
There were appointed officials in each region, province, and village that carried out his orders

9. Ruling an Empire
Chandragupta wanted to make sure his life was protected
He had special warriors guard his palace
He also set up a spy network
Much of Chandragupta’s ideas came from his advisor Kautilya who wrote a book called Arthashastra
This gives advice on how to be a good leader

10. Wednesday, January 29, 2014 Homework:
Page
Chapter 7 Quiz Tuesday
Do Now: compare your homework questions with a partner

11. Following Jainism
As Chandragupta grew older, he became a Jain – A follower of Jainism
An Indian religion where individuals aim for enlightenment
Legends say Chandragupta gave up being emperor to join a Jain monastery

12. Passing the Power
Power was passed to his son, Bindusara, who expanded the Maurya empire even farther across India
Then, his son Ashoka took power
Ashoka was one of 7 sons and legends say Bindusara did not like him
When Bindusara died, there was a struggle for the Maurya throne
Ashoka won after 4 years of fighting

13. Expanding the Empire
Ashoka spent the next 8 years strengthening his hold on power
He went to war again, targeting the kingdom of Kalinga
Eventually, Ashoka conquered Kalinga but at a price – Thousands of soldiers died

14. Changing Ways
The pain and suffering Ashoka saw during the war made him think about how he wanted to rule
He began to follow Buddhist ways and turned away from violence
Rejected some of the harsh punishments from the Arthashastra

15. New Rules for the Empire
Ashoka replaced rule by force with rule based on dharma (moral law)
He included three principles
Ahimsa – belief that one should not hurt any living thing. Ashoka gave up hunting and banned cruelty of animals
Tolerance – willingness to respect different beliefs and customs
People’s well-being

16. Ashoka’s Stone Pillars
To share his ideas, Ashoka had stone pillars set up across his empire
Each pillar was 40 feet and weighed 50 tons
He carved messages into each pillar
Assured his subjects he was focused on their well-being
Apologized for making war on Kalinga
Explained his new goals

17. Friday, January 31, 2014 Define invention as best as you can
Name 2 contributions from ancient Indians and explain how they impacted society

18. The Gupta Empire
The end of the Mauryan Empire caused 500 years of fighting
There is a new Chandrgupta who founds the Gupta Empire
Smaller
Wealthy – traded salt, iron, and cloth
Pilgrims were people who often used the trade routes to travel to a religious shrine or site. Visiting pilgrims helped make cities wealthy
Became known as the “Golden Age” of India because of new art and learning (science)

19. Contributions of Ancient India
Literature:
Sacred texts
Mahabharata
Ramayana
Tells about brave warriors and heroic deeds. It is one’s duty to follow, even if painful and difficult.

20. Contributions of Ancient India
Arts & Architecture:
Sculptures and carvings on temples
Distinct representation of their culture

21. Contributions of Ancient India
Math:
“0” zero
Infinity
Hindu-Arabic system (1-9)
algorithms
Keep records of trade, population, place value and time

22. Contributions of Ancient India
Science:
Mapped the paths of the stars and planets
Sense of world around them
We orbit the sun.

23. Contributions of Ancient India
Medical (Science):
Operations
Causes of diseases
Set bones in place
Not only did they find cures, but how to remove the causes

24. Contributions of Ancient India
Which one of these achievements impacted ancient India the most? Which one do you think impacts our society the most?
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