1. Ways to teach Scientific Concepts in a Social Studies Class August 4 th 2011 By Shubha Sarode

2. What is social studies?

3. What is the scientific process? Have a problem which needs a solution Studying the problem, forming a hypothesis Testing your ideas Analyzing results Coming to conclusions Using those conclusions to make impacts in the world Understanding these impacts in the bigger scheme of things

4. We should always ask questions! Asking questions!

5. Where can social studies intersect with science in a classroom? Biofuels Acid Rain Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s) Clean Coal Technology Nuclear Power

6. What are greenhouse gases? Any gas that absorbs infra-red radiation in the atmosphere. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Methane (CH4) Nitrous Oxide (N20) Fluorinated Gases

7. How is Carbon Dioxide Released into the Atmosphere? Burning of 3 main fossil fuels – Coal, Oil & Natural Gas – Burning of these carbon containing compounds results in combustion: Example: CH 4 + 2O 2 ---> CO 2 + 2H 2 O + HEAT (energy)

8. Biofuels

9. Concept

10. Video Converting Biomass to Liquid Fuels http://www.nrel.gov/learning/re_biofuels.ht ml http://www.nrel.gov/learning/re_biofuels.ht ml

11. Combustion of Ethanol C 2 H 5 OH + 3O 2 → 2CO 2 + 3H 2 O + heat (Ethanol + Oxygen  carbon dioxide + water + heat) Total GHG emission of carbon dioxide for one molecule of glucose is: 6 molecules of Carbon dioxide *numbers based on fermentation of ethanol and combustion of ethanol equations

12. Advanced Initiative Energy Mandate: February 20 th 2006 Renewable ethanol and biodiesel. The energy bill signed by the President last summer established a renewable fuels standard to require the use of 7.5 billion gallons of ethanol and biodiesel by 2012, and extended tax benefits enabling both fuels to compete in today’s market. Alternative fuel facilities. The energy bill also provides a 30% tax credit for installation of alternative fuel stations, up to a maximum of $30,000 per year. Currently only 556 public “E85” (85% ethanol) fueling stations exist in the U.S, and many more will be needed to increase the use of renewable fuels above the 10% that can be blended into conventional gasoline.

13. How can social studies and science work together to create critical thinkers? Make sure you have the right resources! (anything that ends with.gov,.org and other educational websites) Extra credit opportunities Current Event articles Collaborate with the science teacher at your school

14. Other Topics in Sustainability Acid Rain- Clean Air Act CFC’s – Montreal Protocol Clean Coal Technology – Election of 2008 Nuclear Power – Chernobyl, Three Mile Island, even the most recent Japan disaster

15. Good Resources to Brush up on Science Acid Rain: http://www.epa.gov/acidrain/what/index.htmlhttp://www.epa.gov/acidrain/what/index.html http://nadp.sws.uiuc.edu/maps/Default.aspx (click on NTN for network, deposition for map type and NO3 or SO4 for analyte and years to look at impact http://nadp.sws.uiuc.edu/maps/Default.aspx CFCs: http://ozonewatch.gsfc.nasa.gov/monthly/climatology_10.htmlhttp://ozonewatch.gsfc.nasa.gov/monthly/climatology_10.html Clean Coal Technology: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BdLFUNrinG8http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BdLFUNrinG8 http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/22/science/earth/22coal.html?_r=1 Nuclear Power: http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=- 2201447884087561869&q=nuclear+reaction&hl=en#http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=- 2201447884087561869&q=nuclear+reaction&hl=en# http://www.visionlearning.com/library/flash_viewer.php?oid=3602 http://www.nrc.gov/reactors/operating/map-power-reactors.html

16. Need more help? These are just some ideas, if you have any questions, please contact me at shubha.sarode@gmail.com shubha.sarode@gmail.com