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DO NOW Turn in lab report to bin. Make sure your old rubric and your peer reviewed report. Write homework down. Carbon is an essential element in the construction.

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Presentation on theme: "DO NOW Turn in lab report to bin. Make sure your old rubric and your peer reviewed report. Write homework down. Carbon is an essential element in the construction."— Presentation transcript:

1 DO NOW Turn in lab report to bin. Make sure your old rubric and your peer reviewed report. Write homework down. Carbon is an essential element in the construction of macromolecules. It is also an important element in our environment. To the best of your ability, draw a diagram of the carbon cycle.

2 Quick Review: Carbon Cycle - Essential to life

3 ANNOUNCEMENTS Please turn in your report to the homework bin. Homework sheet – due Friday http://mrscaskey.weebly.com/

4 MACROMOLECULES: THE BIG PICTURE HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=NT9U7CFVOC 4

5 LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION LevelDescriptionExample 1.AtomSmallest unit of matter with distinct propertiesCarbon 2.MoleculeBonding of two or more atoms togetherCarbohydrate, Water 3.OrganelleStructure inside cells made of multiple atoms and molecules that performs specific tasks Mitochondria, Nucleus 4.CellSmallest unit that can carry out all the properties of lifeMuscle Cell 5.TissueGroup of cells bound together to complete specific taskMuscle Tissue

6 LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION LevelDescriptionExample 1.AtomSmallest unit of matter with distinct propertiesCarbon 2.MoleculeBonding of two or more atoms togetherCarbohydrate, Water 3.OrganelleStructure inside cells made of multiple atoms and molecules that performs specific tasks Mitochondria, Nucleus 4.CellSmallest unit that can carry out all the properties of lifeMuscle Cell 5.TissueGroup of cells bound together to complete specific taskMuscle Tissue 6.OrganMade of varying types of tissue to fulfill functionHeart

7 LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION LevelDescriptionExample 1.AtomSmallest unit of matter with distinct propertiesCarbon 2.MoleculeBonding of two or more atoms togetherCarbohydrate, Water 3.OrganelleStructure inside cells made of multiple atoms and molecules that performs specific tasks Mitochondria, Nucleus 4.CellSmallest unit that can carry out all the properties of lifeMuscle Cell 5.TissueGroup of cells bound together to complete specific taskMuscle Tissue 6.OrganMade of varying types of tissue to fulfill functionHeart 7. Organ SystemMultiple organs working together to function as a systemCirculatory System

8 LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION LevelDescriptionExample 1.AtomSmallest unit of matter with distinct propertiesCarbon 2.MoleculeBonding of two or more atoms togetherCarbohydrate, Water 3.OrganelleStructure inside cells made of multiple atoms and molecules that performs specific tasks Mitochondria, Nucleus 4.CellSmallest unit that can carry out all the properties of lifeMuscle Cell 5.TissueGroup of cells bound together to complete specific taskMuscle Tissue 6.OrganMade of varying types of tissue to fulfill functionHeart 7. Organ SystemMultiple organs working together to function as a systemCirculatory System 8. OrganismMultiple organ systems working together to form a functioning organism. Human Being

9 NOW THAT WE’VE DETERMINED ATOMS MAKE UP MOLECULES AND THAT ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF MOLECULES…. WHAT KIND OF MOLECULES? All life on earth is based on a particular kind of atom

10 NOW THAT WE’VE DETERMINED ATOMS MAKE UP MOLECULES AND THAT ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF MOLECULES…. WHAT KIND OF MOLECULES? All life on earth is based on a particular kind of atom Carbon

11 NOW THAT WE’VE DETERMINED ATOMS MAKE UP MOLECULES AND THAT ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF MOLECULES…. WHAT KIND OF MOLECULES? All life on earth is based on a particular kind of atom Carbon Small atom

12 NOW THAT WE’VE DETERMINED ATOMS MAKE UP MOLECULES AND THAT ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF MOLECULES…. WHAT KIND OF MOLECULES? All life on earth is based on a particular kind of atom Carbon Small atom Has four bonding points

13 NOW THAT WE’VE DETERMINED ATOMS MAKE UP MOLECULES AND THAT ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF MOLECULES…. WHAT KIND OF MOLECULES? All life on earth is based on a particular kind of atom Carbon Small atom Has four bonding points Forms strong bonds with other atoms

14 NOW THAT WE’VE DETERMINED ATOMS MAKE UP MOLECULES AND THAT ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF MOLECULES…. WHAT KIND OF MOLECULES? All life on earth is based on a particular kind of atom Carbon Small atom Has four bonding points Forms strong bonds with other atoms Many different stable arrangements allowing for numerous kinds of molecules essential for life on earth https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6VHViA2BcQ 2.5 minutes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6VHViA2BcQ

15 ORGANIC MOLECULES Any molecule that has a Carbon and a Hydrogen atom Life depends on organic molecules These molecules also may contain the following elements: Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P) and Sulfur(S)

16 MACROMOLECULES Macromolecule: Are large molecules made by many smaller molecules combining through chemical bonds Monomers are subunits that are combined together to form polymers. Polymers are repeating chains of monomers.

17 MACROMOLECULES 4 major macromolecules Carbohydrates Lipids Protein Nucleic Acids

18 CARBO HYDRATES Elements: Carbo = Carbon Hydrates = Water = 2 Hydrogen (H) + 1 (O) 1. C - Carbon 2. H - Hydrogen 3. O - Oxygen

19 CARBO HYDRATES Monomers: Monosaccharide Examples: glucose, fructose Polymers: Disaccharide = ________ monomers added together Sucrose Polysaccharide = ________________ monosaccharides added together Starch, glycogen, cellulose

20 MAKE A MONOMER OF A CARBOHYDRATE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vx5n21zHPm8 Yellow = Carbon White = Hydrogen Blue = Oxygen

21 BUILD A CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER– DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS https://www.youtube.com/wa tch?v=ZMTeqZLXBSo During dehydration synthesis hydrogen (H) of one monomer combines with a hydrogen and oxygen from another monomer releasing a molecule of water. Water =

22 MAKE A POLYMER THROUGH DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS Make a disaccharide with your monomers You will be making a polymer and a molecule of water Water = 2 Hydrogen atoms and 1 Oxygen atom Remember Yellow = Carbon White = Hydrogen Blue = Oxygen

23 WHERE DO WE FIND CARBOHYDRATES? In plant products Fruits, vegetables, peas, beans, potatoes Sugar comes from a plant (Sugar cane) Flour (wheat) pasta, bread, cookies In animal products Milk (lactose)

24 WHAT FUNCTION DO CARBOHYDRATES PROVIDE? Function: 1. Provide short term energy source 2. Structural support, plant stems

25 THERE ARE 2 TYPES OF CARBOHYDRATES Simple Sugars Complex Made of 1 monomer = monosaccharides -or- Made of 2 monomers = disaccharides making it a polymer. Ex: Cookies, fruits Are polymers made up of many monomers = polysaccharides Ex: Pasta, bread, vegetables

26 EXIT SLIP Legos make a great analogy for monomers and polymers. Can you think of another analogy for monomers and polymers? What have you used, worn, played with, built, or observed that are made of smaller repeating units?

27

28 WHAT DO YOU THINK THE OPPOSITE OF DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS IS? Hydrolysis Adding water (H2O) to break apart

29 EXIT SLIP: WHAT HAPPENS TO COMPLEXITY AS YOU INCREASE THE LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION? WHY?

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