1. Energy Auditing Techniques for Small Commercial Facilities 2012 Ryan Stroupe, Pacific Energy Center Jim Kelsey P.E., kW Engineering Sean Harleman P.E., kW Engineering Todd Bell, Food Service Technology Center

2. Miscellaneous Efficiencies

3. 3 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Learning Objectives Understand the power contribution of plug loadsUnderstand the power contribution of plug loads Recognize Energy Star appliance standardsRecognize Energy Star appliance standards Understand availability of plug-load controllersUnderstand availability of plug-load controllers Understand contribution of leaking power suppliesUnderstand contribution of leaking power supplies Recognize other ways to control these loadsRecognize other ways to control these loads Know where to find incentive informationKnow where to find incentive information

4. 4 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Energy Auditor Role and Activities Catalog existing equipmentCatalog existing equipment Look up replacement Energy Star equipmentLook up replacement Energy Star equipment Look up available incentivesLook up available incentives Know when external control devices are appropriateKnow when external control devices are appropriate Activate energy star features for computersActivate energy star features for computers Consider if plug loads can be turned off in DR modeConsider if plug loads can be turned off in DR mode Measure power draw of plug loadsMeasure power draw of plug loads

5. 5 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Why are Miscellaneous/Plug Loads Important? Represent 13% of commercial electric energy use The typical American owns 25 electronic products Leaking loads account for 5% of energy use in homes Plug-load equipment draws 1-15 watts in “off” mode Some facilities are dominated by these loads (datacenters, hospitals) National energy consumption by servers and data centers is 1.5% of U.S. total & could double in another five years Most office equipment is left on for 24 hours a day Many plug loads have minimal control strategies available These loads contribute heat to the space and cause the AC to run

6. 6 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Percentage of Energy for Different End Uses Large office building Lodging http://www.pge.com/biz/energy_tools_resources/building_survey/index.html

7. 7 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Office Plug Loads Computers Monitors Printers Fax machines Copiers Multifunction devices Scanners Task lighting Heaters Refrigerators Other Power x Time  kWh  $ Save energy and reduce cost: by lowering wattage by reducing run-time by reducing run-time

8. 8 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Printers Power draw: 20-100 watts Sleep: 11-25 watts* Typical use: active: 1.5 hours/day off:14.5 hours/day *Should stay in stand-by mode Monitors Power draw: 75-120 watts Sleep: 0-10 watts Typical use: active: 4 hours/day off:14.5 hours/day Can control to OFF

9. 9 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Energy Star Equipment Clothes washers Computer monitors Copiers Dehumidifiers Dishwashers Fax machines Mailing machines Printers Room air cleaners Scanners Water coolers Vending machines

10. 10 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Energy Star Appliance List http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_find_es_products

11. 11 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Computer Power Management Software For control of desktop computers only Allows for centralized control at server level of networked computers. Software must have reporting feature for energy saved. Qualifying software list and review: –http://www.pge.com/ powermanagementsoftwarehttp://www.pge.com/ powermanagementsoftware –http://www.mge.com/business/ saving/madison/pa_52.htmlhttp://www.mge.com/business/ saving/madison/pa_52.html

12. 12 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Horizontal Axis Commercial Clothes Washers Saves gas use due to reduced hot water use Saves water use Reduces wastewater This efficiency qualifies for PG&E Incentive if model is CEE Tier 3* *See PGE.com for latest information on incentives

13. 13 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 High Efficiency Dishwashers Level 1 Rebate 1 –Qualifying dishwashers must use less than 324 kWh/ year and 5.8 gal/cycle. Go to www.energystar.gov for a list of qualifying products. Level 2 Rebate 1 –Qualifying dishwashers must use less than 307 kWh/ year and 5.0 gal/cycle. –Go to www.energystar.gov for a list of qualifying products. See PGE.com for latest information on incentives

14. 14 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Stand-by (Vampire) Loads 10 to 15 watts per device 22 percent of all appliance consumption 10 percent of total residential consumption California's policy on standby power came into effect in 2007, limiting appliance standby power to 0.5 Watts Examples: –Power supplies, transformers and inefficient electronic devices. –VCRs, DVD players and some audio systems. –Set-top boxes –Microwave ovens –Computers, digital monitors and printers –TVs, if not switched off from the power switch (if they have one). –Air conditioning systems with remote control. –Devices with "Instant on" functions, with remote control receivers, or waiting for the user to interact. –Devices with a stand-by light or clock. –Small transformers (such as wall warts) that convert AC electricity into DC electricity, whether or not they are powering any device.transformerswall warts –Devices that get warm or that have warm transformers when they are off.

15. 15 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Manual Controls The simplest, cheapest and most error-free method for controlling plug loads Requires conscientious employees Difficult to apply to shared equipment

16. 16 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Occupancy Controls Good for equipment where occupancy correlates to use Assures that loads are not running continuously Not to be used with equipment that must remain on alert (fax machines) or where data can be lost (CPUs)

17. 17 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Plug-load Controllers This efficiency qualifies for PG&E Incentive* Applications –Computers –Task lighting –Copiers –Fax machines –Vending machines *See PGE.com for latest information on incentives

18. 18 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 20092007 Vending Machine Controller 1.Turns off lights and compressor if no one is there 2.Cycles compressor on if case exceeds a max temperature to insure product is cold

19. 19 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 20092007 Vending Machine Controller Results Without VendingMiser With VendingMiser Weekdays (261 days) With VendingMiser Weekends (104 days) Daily Wh7,9004,9001,900 Daily Operational Cost ($0.15 kWh) $1.19$0.73$0.29 Annual kWh2,8851,270200 Separated Annual Operational Cost ($0.15 kWh) $435$190$30 Combined Annual Operational Cost ($0.15 kWh) $435$220 Percent Savings with the VendingMiser 49%

20. 20 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Activity Controls Greater savings than occupancy controls Built-in to most Energy Star® equipment Monitor: mouse or keypad movement = activity Printer, Fax, Scanner: command = activity

21. 21 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Timer Controls Isolate timer for individual devices Demand savings (12-6 p.m.) Eliminate waste from loads with consistent usage patterns (coffee machines, irons)

22. 22 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Other Plug-load Strategies Network printers Use ink-jet over laser printers Electronic (email) over paper copies Connect monitors to CPU Activate sleep mode on computers “Unplug” chargers with plug-strip

23. 23 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Irrigation Efficiencies Saves water Saves pumping energy Types: –Drip irrigation Convert high pressure sprinkler to micro-irrigation –Low pressure sprinkler nozzles Convert high pressure sprinkler to low pressure

24. 24 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Miscellaneous Tools and Resources Clamp-on amp meters Split extension cords Plug load boxes Temperature loggers Occupancy sensors

25. 25 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Refrigerator Data

26. 26 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small and Medium Commercial Facilities 2009 Key Points to Remember Where to find energy star data on appliances The energy star label is not always present on equipment Leaking power supplies can draw significant energy use Plug-load controllers can limit equipment run time Incentives are available for some plug-load equipment

27. Please complete the course tracker for the miscellaneous load section.