1. communication UNIT B HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 4.02 Explain the relationship between communication and employee morale, motivation, and productivity.

2. communication 2 Communication The process of transferring a message from the sender to the receiver. Non-verbal –Personal appearance –Body language Verbal –Reading –Writing –Speaking –Listening

3. communication 3 Morale The attitude or mental state of an employee with respect to his/her job and the business for which he/she works.

4. communication 4 Factors that affect employee morale 1.The business itself Job position or type of work Wages that an employee earns and the pay plan under which he/she works  Productivity pay  Straight salary Opportunity for advancement within the business Types of benefits Job security

5. communication 5 Factors that affect employee morale (cont.) 2.Working conditions and surroundings Physical surroundings Equipment and supplies Temperature control Parking close to business

6. communication 6 Factors that affect employee morale (cont.) 3.Management Accessibility Level of communication Expectations Policies Supervision Criticism and evaluations 4.Employee factors Work life Personal life

7. communication 7 Techniques used to measure employee morale Surveys and questionnaires completed by employees Suggestion boxes for anonymous employee input Informal observations and questioning by the employer Exit interviews

8. communication 8 Motivation The reason that an employee behaves a certain way and the different ways of encouraging him/her to behave as the employer prefers. Theories of employee motivation Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y Managers Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory

9. communication 9 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs A theory that human needs are arranged in a hierarchy and must be fulfilled in the order of importance to the individual.

10. communication 10 McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y Managers A theory that identifies two types of managers and the assumptions each makes about employees. –Theory X manager assumes that employees have to be forced to work and that positive reinforcement is not effective. –Theory Y manager believes that the value of work, recognition, and a need for responsibility are the motivating factors for employees.

11. communication 11 Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory A theory that suggests that employee behavior is affected by a motivational factor and a hygiene factor. –Motivational factor includes the work itself and the opportunity that exists for advancement and recognition. –Hygiene factor includes routine provision for employees such as good working conditions, fair salaries, status, and consistency in business policies.

12. communication 12 Ways to motivate employees Provide meaningful work by offering a range of job responsibilities. Involve employees in decision making by letting them make suggestions. Give recognition to employees informally and formally. Provide performance evaluations at least once a year to help employees recognize their strengths and weaknesses. Set goals and plans to help employees be more productive. Reward employees for their performance or achievement.

13. communication 13 Productivity The measure of an employee’s average output per hour during a specific period of time, such as a day, a week, a month, or a year. –For a business to be profitable, employees of that business must produce the required quantity of a satisfactory good or service in a reasonable amount of time.

14. communication 14 The importance of open communication between employees and employers 1.One-to-one communication allows the employee and the employer to better understand each other’s attitudes, behaviors, and values. Lack of communication leads to misunderstanding. 2.Employees perform more satisfactorily when there is open communication, direct instruction, and when work expectations are clear.

15. communication 15 The importance of open communication between employees and employers (cont.) 3.Consistent feedback or communication to the employee is necessary for satisfactory productivity. 4.Generally, more open and comfortable communication results in higher employee morale.

16. communication 16 The importance of open communication between employees and employers (cont.) 5.A happy employee is generally more productive. 6.Employee absenteeism and the rate of employee turnover are lower when morale is high. 7.High employee morale is a factor in a positive business image and good public relations.

17. communication 17 The importance of open communication between employees and employers (cont.) 8.Feeling that an open line of communication exists with management motivates most employees. 9.Positive motivation makes employees feel appreciated, builds self-esteem, and generally helps maintain an open line of communication.

18. communication 18 The importance of open communication between employees and employers (cont.) 10.Frequent feedback or follow-up is important to employees, and formal evaluations or work reviews should be done at least once a year.