2. Day 4 Changes in the Church

3. John Calvin Leader of Protestantism in Switzerland Agreed with Luther, but more emphasis on the all-power of God Predestination - God has predetermined those who will be saved (the Elect) - And those who will not (the reprobate) By mid-1500’s, Calvinism most important form of Protestantism

5. The Reformation in England

6. King Henry VIII wanted a divorce from Catherine of Aragon They had a daughter, but no son. Pope unwilling to annul the marriage, but England’s archbishop rules the marriage was “null and void.” Henry marries Anne Boleyn – they have a girl (Later becomes Elizabeth I)

8. Catherine of Aragon - Catherine of Aragon - Daughter of Ferdinand & Isabella - Married to Henry’s brother,Arthur (died) - 1 daughter: Bloody Mary - Divorced http://home.hiwaay.net/~crispen/tudor/6wives/katherineofaragonportrait

9. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Forum/9194/h8/twomain.html Anne Boleyn Anne Boleyn - Catherine’s maid - One daughter: Elizabeth - Beheaded for treason (adultery)

10. Jane Seymour Jane Seymour - Bore Henry a son: Edward VI - She died 12 days later http://www.kfki.hu/~arthp/search.cgi?author=HOLBEIN%2C+Hans+the+Younger

11. http://home.hiwaay.net/~crispen/tudor/6wives/anneofclevesportrait Anne of Cleves Anne of Cleves - Henry married her on the basis of a portrait - She was ugly - Divorced after six months

12. http://home.hiwaay.net/~crispen/tudor/6wives/katherinehowardportrait. Katherine Howard Katherine Howard - Married when she was 19 and he was almost 50 - She fooled around - Beheaded

13. http://home.hiwaay.net/~crispen/tudor/6wives/catherineparrportrait Catherine Parr - Catherine Parr - Religious intellectual - Cared for Henry in his old age - Reunited him with his three children - Only wife to outlive him

14. Act of Supremacy 1534 Declared the King the “only supreme head on earth of the Church of England” The King dissolves the monasteries & sells their land

15. Edward: 1547 becomes King; Protestants gain power Edward dies at 16 Henry & Catherine’s daughter Mary comes to power Tries to restore England to Roman Catholicism “Bloody Mary”

16. Anabaptists Voluntary community of adult Christian believers Believed in: –Adult baptism –All believers were equal –Separation of Church and State Persecuted by both Catholics & Protestants (seen as Radicals)

17. Protestantism had taken Europe by storm The situation in the Catholic Church did not look good BUT, it became revitalized by 3 chief pillars… 1.Jesuits 2.Reform of the Papacy 3.Council of Trent Catholic Reformation

18. 1. Jesuits (Society of Jesus) Took a special vow of absolute obedience to the pope Used education to spread their message Successful in restoring Catholicism

19. 2. Reform of the Papacy – Paul III Pope Paul III appointed a Reform Commission to figure out the problems of the Catholic Church Corrupt Pope’s were blamed Approves the Jesuits

20. 3. Council of Trent 1545-1563 Reaffirmed traditional Catholic teachings Faith and good works necessary for salvation Seven sacraments and clerical celibacy Belief in purgatory Selling of indulgences forbidden Roman Catholic Church reunified