2. Your group letter is on your desk! 2-3 per group Take an index card with writing and a blank index card You have 10 minutes to 1. copy the card onto a new index card- including your group names. 2. Answer/define/give the main idea for your topic as briefly as possible 20 minutes- to include your main ideas on the PowerPoint slide Either type or write I will help with this part

3. Air Resources Pollutants : harmful material that can enter the biosphere through the land, air or water Smog : a mixture of chemicals that occurs as a haze in the atmosphere, gray-brown Acid Rain : rain containing nitric and sulfuric acids, toxic and can harm living things

4. Overpopulation More resources consumed and economy is affected as well Many countries have to head towards Demographic Transition to help lower population.

5. Biological Magnification Biological Magnification is when harmful substances increase in organism at higher trophic levels in a food chain or food web. Osprey, brown pelican and bald eagle in extinction.

6. Ozone Layer Depletion Ozone layer blocks out the UV rays Ozone layer is being depleted by aerosol Sunblock protects people from UV rays 46 countries signed an agreement to reduce aerosol usage by 2000

7. Global Warming Global warming is the term used to describe an increase in the average temperature of the biosphere It is happening due to humans producing extra CO2 Polar ice caps melt, floods occur, ecosystems are disturbed, and there are rises of tropical disease.

8. Water Resources Humans use billions of gallons of fresh water used daily Pollution- sewage, oil spills, discarded chemicals. Irrigation delivers water

9. Renewable and nonrenewable resources A renewable resource is one that can regenerate itself naturally, but is not necessarily unlimited (for example droughts limit water); this includes forests, freshwater and grassland A nonrenewable resource cannot be replenished by a natural process; for example oil, coal and natural gas (technically they can regenerate, but it takes millions of years and is not practical)

10. Land Resources Provides space for cities and suburbs and raw materials for industry. Contains soil  can be permanately damaged if mismanaged Erosion- wearing away of surfaces soil by water and wind Desertification- in areas with dry climates, a process caused by a combination of poor farming practices, overgrazing, and drought that turns productive land into desert

11. Ocean Resources People depend on the ocean as a major source of protein. Throughout the second half of the twentieth century, larger fishing boats with better gear for locating and catching fish were deployed around the world. The annual world fish catch grew from about 20 million tons to more than 90 million tons between 1950 and 1990.

12. Forest Resources Deforestation sustainable use Loss of forests Can lead to severe erosions as soil is exposed to heavy rain Mature trees can be harvested selectively to promote the growth of younger trees Planting new trees is one way to counteract Erosion can also wash away nutrients in the top soil.

13. Pollution Pollution is the process by which harmful materials enter the biosphere through land, air, water and affect the environment as well as its inhabitants. In the process of biological magnification the concentration of a pollutant is multiplied as it passes from producers to consumers, down the food chain. This magnification makes pollution an even more deadly issue.

14. Introduced Species * They become invasive species that reproduce rapidly Over consumption of food resources Other species become extinct due to competition Loss of biodiversity One disease could wipe out entire population Ex: Zebra mussels: Europe to Great Lakes

15. Threats to Biodiversity Biodiversity is variety in organisms in the biosphere. Humans develop new land and destroy habitats, causing species to vanish. This is known as habitat fragmentation. Some species are hunted for fur, meat, and hides. Some are hunted for medical purposes such as animal horns and gall bladders.