1. Non-Infectious Diseases Health 12

2. Diabetes Diabetes - The ____________________ makes a hormone known as insulin to help ____________ get into the cells of our bodies. When you have diabetes, your body either doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use its own insulin as well as it should. This causes __________ to build up in your blood.

3. Diabetes continued…. Diabetes can cause the following serious health conditions: 1. 2. 3. 4. ** Diabetes is the _______ leading cause of death in the United States

4. Symptoms of Diabetes Frequent urination _________________ __________ Unexplained weight loss _________________ ___________ Sudden vision changes ___________________ ___________________ _______________ Feeling very tired much of the time Very dry skin ___________________ ___________________ More infections than usual

5. Types of Diabetes ________________________– juvenile-onset diabetes. Accounts for 5% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes. ________________________– adult-onset diabetes. Accounts for about 90% to 95% of diagnosed cases of diabetes. ________________________ – type of diabetes that only pregnant women get.

6. Risk Factors for Diabetes Being overweight or obese ________________________________________ ___________________ Having an ethnic background Having prior history of gestational diabetes Having a high blood pressure measuring _______________________________________ Having abnormal cholesterol with HDL cholesterol is 35 or lower _______________________________________

7. Diabetes Among Americans aged 20 years or younger, about _______________________ (1%) have diabetes Among Americans aged 20 years or older, ________________________(11.35) have diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes is greater among older people. Among Americans aged _____ years or older, 10.9 million people (26.9%) have diabetes.

8. Diabetes Statistics As of 2010, ______________________(8.3%) of the population – have diabetes. About 2 million are diagnosed each year. People diagnosed with diabetes have medical claims that are about ____________ higher than those without the disease. About $1 of $5 of health care dollars in the United States is spend caring for someone with diagnosed with diabetes.

9. Treatment for Diabetes Health eating, physical activity, and insulin injections are the basic therapies for type 1 diabetes. Health eating, physical activity, and blood glucose testing are the basic therapies for type 2 diabetes require oral medication, insulin, or both to control their blood glucose levels. ** ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________.

10. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Coronary artery disease occurs when a substance called ___________ builds up in the arties that supply blood to the heart. – Plaque is made up of cholesterol Over time the arteries can narrow, this process is known as ________________________.

11. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Plaque buildup can cause ____________, the most common symptom of CAD. Causes chest pain or discomfort because the heart muscle doesn’t get enough blood. Overtime, CAD can weaken the heart muscle which can lead to heart failure. Or even arrhythmia. For some the first sign of CAD is _____________________. ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ______________

12. Important Tests ________________ – Measures the electrical activity, rate, and regularity of your heart ________________ – Ultrasound to create picture of heart ___________________ – Measures HR while waking on a treadmill. Helps determine Chest X-ray – Picture of heart, lungs, and organs in the chest. _______________________ _______________________ – Checks inside the arteries for blockage by threading a thin flexible tube through an artery in the groin, arm, or neck to reach the coronary artery ____________________ – Monitors blockage and flow of blood through the heart. X-rays detect the dye

13. Treatment for CAD Eating healthy _________________ Not smoking Medicines to help lower cholesterol, high blood pressure, low blood flow, and irregular heartbeats ____________________

14. CAD Statistics Every year about _______________ Americans have a first heart attack. Another 470,000 who have already had one or more heart attacks will have another heart attack. In 2010, heart disease will cost the United States ___________________. This total includes the cost of health care services, medications, and lost productivity.

15. Stroke A stroke, sometimes called a brain attack, occurs when:

16. Types of Stroke ______________________– about 85% of all strokes are ischemic, in which blood flow to the brain is blocked by blood clots or fatty deposits called plaque in the blood vessel linings. ______________________ – occurs when a blood vessel bursts in the brain. Blood accumulates and compresses the surrounding brain tissue. Two types.

17. Hemorrhagic Strokes Intracerebral hemorrhage – _____________________________________ ______________. Occurs when an artery in the brain bursts, flooding the surrounding tissue with blood Subarachnoid hemorrhage – _____________________________________ _____________________________________ ____________________

18. Life after a stroke _______________________________ Weakness on one side of your body Problems with thinking, awareness, attention, learning, judgment, and memory _______________________________________ Difficulty controlling or expressing emotions _______________________________________ Pain in the hands and feet that worsens with movement and temperature changes _____________________

19. 5 Common Signs of a Stroke 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

20. Preventing a Stroke 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

21. Alzheimer’s Disease ________________________________________ _______________________________. Involves parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language and can seriously affect a person’s ability to carry out daily activities ____________________________suffer from Alzheimer’s disease Disease usually begins after age _______, and risk goes up with age. About 5 percent of men and women ages 65 to 74 have Alzheimer’s disease

22. COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) Group of diseases that cause airflow blockage and breathing-related problems. Includes: – ______________________________________ ________________________________________ Tobacco is a key factor in development and progression of COPD, air pollutants in the home/workplace, genetic factors, and respiratory infections Most effective treatment is, _________________________!, remove pollutants from home/workplace

23. Asthma Disease that affects your lungs by restricting ______________________________ Asthma causes repeated episodes of _____________, breathlessness, chest tightness, and nighttime or early morning _______________________. How long do you have asthma?

24. Asthma Lung function test called _________________ to determine asthma or a ___________________, which measures the largest amount of air you can exhale or breathe out after taking a very deep breath ________________________– The air ways become smaller, the sides of the airways in your lungs swell and the airways shrink. Less air gets in and out of your lungs, and mucus that your body produces clogs up the airways even more. Also known as an episode.

25. Asthma Triggers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.